标签归档 西安桑拿论坛

Today I’m bringing you a domestic car. Now let’s follow Xiaobian to see what it has done.

Let’s look at the appearance of Seal 06 first. The front face of Seal 06 presents a tough design style and looks very capable. Coupled with the stylish and generous headlights, it is in line with the aesthetics of consumers. The car is equipped with LED daytime running lights, automatic opening and closing, adaptive far and near light, delayed closing and so on. Coming to the side of the car, the size of the car body is 4830MM*1875MM*1495MM. The car adopts solid lines, giving people a very delicate feeling. With large-sized thick-walled tires, the shape is quite simple. In the rear part, the rear of the car echoes the front of the car, and the taillights give people a very spiritual feeling and create a good atmosphere.

Sitting in the car, the interior looks very fashionable and dynamic, giving people a very streamlined feeling. The steering wheel of the car is well designed and made of leather, which gives people an impulse to control it. From the central control point of view, the 15.6-inch central control screen is used for decoration, which makes the interior style impressive and conforms to the temperament of the car. The interior feels good, and then look at the dashboard and seats, which is very eye-catching. The car uses leather seats, which are wide and thick, and the overall ride feels soft and comfortable.

Seal 06 is equipped with car networking, driving mode selection, remote control key, Bluetooth key, NFC/RFID key, indoor atmosphere light, traction control (ASR/TCS, etc.) and other configurations, which can be said to be quite satisfactory.

The Seal 06 introduced today is not only eye-catching in space, but also has reached the mainstream level in various configurations, and there is nothing to be picky about driving experience and space experience. Today, you can go to the 4S shop to experience this car.

　　Xinhuanet Beijing, December 28 th, 2017 has been "insufficient balance". Over the past year, the Ministry of Education has issued a number of new policies around the hot and difficult issues of central concern, social concern and people’s concern, and promoted new breakthroughs in key areas and key links. A few days ago, the Ministry of Education announced the annual work inventory, and 20 tasks added another bright color to the development of education in China.

　　In January, the State Council issued the 13th Five-Year Plan for the Development of National Education, which is a programmatic document guiding the national education reform and development during the 13th Five-Year Plan period. The Plan defines the guiding ideology, basic principles, main objectives and main themes of the education reform and development in the 13th Five-Year Plan, and proposes that by 2020, important progress will be made in education modernization, and the overall strength and international influence of education will be significantly enhanced, which will push China into the ranks of powerful countries in human resources and talents and lay a solid foundation for realizing the long-term goal of China’s education modernization in 2030.

　　2. Accelerate the construction of "double first-class"

　　In January, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Finance and the National Development and Reform Commission issued the Implementation Measures for Promoting the Construction of World-class Universities and First-class Subjects as a Whole (Provisional). In late September, the list of "double-first-class" universities and disciplines was published, with 42 first-class universities, 95 first-class disciplines and 465 disciplines. In the new historical period, the construction of "double first-class" is of great significance to improve the development level of higher education in China, enhance the core competitiveness of the country and lay a long-term development foundation.

　　3. Revise the regulations on the management of college students.

　　In February, the Ministry of Education issued the newly revised Regulations on the Management of Students in Colleges and Universities. This comprehensive revision has made great efforts to enhance the pertinence, standardization, scientificity and operability of the Regulations, timely reflected and embodied the new ideas, ideas and strategies of the central government on higher education, adapted to the new needs of economic and social development, and reflected the new changes in higher education and management. The implementation of the new "Regulations" will play an important role in maintaining the normal education and teaching order in schools, safeguarding students’ rights and interests, standardizing students’ behavior and promoting their all-round development.

　　4. Strengthen and improve ideological and political work in colleges and universities under the new situation.

　　In February, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued "Opinions on Strengthening and Improving Ideological and Political Work in Colleges and Universities under the New Situation", which is of great significance for adhering to the Party’s educational policy, adhering to the socialist direction of running schools, adhering to moral education, strengthening ideological guidance, taking root in running universities in China, comprehensively promoting all the work of Party building, and effectively managing the Party and strictly implementing it. In February, the Party Group of the Ministry of Education issued the "Standards for the Party Construction of Students in Ordinary Colleges and Universities" and in August issued the "Opinions on Strengthening the Party Branch Construction of Teachers in Colleges and Universities under the New Situation", as an important measure to deepen the comprehensive and strict management of the Party and extend it to the grassroots level of colleges and universities. In September, the Ministry of Education revised and promulgated the Regulations on the Construction of Counselors in Colleges and Universities by ministerial order, which is an important institutional arrangement to further strengthen the construction of counselors in colleges and universities and enhance their professional level and professional ability. In December, the Ministry of Education issued the "Outline for the Implementation of the Quality Improvement Project of Ideological and Political Work in Colleges and Universities" to effectively build the "Top Ten" education system and get through the last mile of education. The Ministry of Education has also designated 2017 as the "year of teaching quality of ideological and political theory courses in colleges and universities", continuously improving the affinity and pertinence of ideological and political course teaching and enhancing college students’ sense of acquisition of ideological and political courses.

　　5. The plan to popularize education in senior high school started.

　　In March, the Ministry of Education and other four ministries and commissions jointly issued the "High School Education Popularization Plan" (2017— In 2020), it is proposed that the gross enrollment rate of high school education in China will reach more than 90% by 2020. The key to tackling the problem is to ensure the basics, make up the shortcomings and promote fairness. The key point is to improve the popularization level of poverty-stricken areas, ethnic minority areas, remote areas and old revolutionary areas in the central and western regions, ensure the educational opportunities for students with financial difficulties, disabled students and their accompanying children, and solve outstanding problems such as the high proportion of large classes in ordinary high schools, the continuous decline in the enrollment ratio of vocational education, and the difficulties in school operation. The implementation of the plan is of great significance and far-reaching influence for popularizing high school education, further improving the overall quality of the people, the competitiveness of the labor force, and building a strong country with human resources.

　　6. Deepen the "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" reform in the field of higher education.

　　In March, the Ministry of Education and other five departments jointly issued "Several Opinions on Deepening the Service Reform in the Field of Higher Education", aiming at the deep-seated problems in the reform and development of higher education, such as discipline, establishment, post, employment, job title evaluation, salary distribution, and use of funds, further delegating power to local and universities, loosening the burden and simplifying the burden, so that schools can have greater autonomy in running schools. Deepening the "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" reform in the field of higher education is a clear requirement of the State Council, an important measure to deepen the comprehensive reform of higher education, and an inevitable requirement to implement and expand the autonomy of running universities.

　　7. Implement the third preschool education action plan.

　　In April, four ministries and commissions, including the Ministry of Education, jointly issued the Opinions on Implementing the Action Plan for the Third Pre-school Education, making comprehensive arrangements for the reform and development of pre-school education during the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan, focusing on solving the problems of poverty alleviation areas, new population concentration areas in the two-child policy and kindergarten construction in the urban-rural fringe. It is proposed that by developing inclusive kindergartens and other measures, the gross enrollment rate will reach 85% and the coverage rate of inclusive kindergartens will reach about 80% in 2020.

　　8. Strengthen the construction of safety risk prevention and control system for kindergartens in primary and secondary schools.

　　In April, the General Office of the State Council issued the Opinions on Strengthening the Construction of Safety Risk Prevention and Control System for Kindergartens in Primary and Secondary Schools. The Opinions systematically designs and comprehensively stipulates the overall requirements of school safety risk prevention and control, risk prevention system, risk management and control mechanism, accident and risk resolution mechanism, leadership responsibility and risk resolution mechanism, aiming at building the campus into the sunniest and safest place, which is of great significance for effectively safeguarding the personal safety of teachers and students, ensuring the safety and order of the campus and promoting social harmony and stability.

　　9. Promote the provincial people’s governments to perform their educational duties.

　　In May, the General Office of the State Council issued the Measures for the Evaluation of the People’s Government at the Provincial Level in Performing its Educational Duties, which evaluated the leadership, management, guarantee and promotion of the development and stability of education by the provincial government, and the evaluation results served as the basis for the assessment of the leading bodies of the government and relevant departments. The "Measures" clearly define the evaluation objectives, standardize the evaluation process, and strengthen the accountability of assessment, which is of great significance for promoting the provincial people’s governments to fully and correctly perform their educational duties according to law and ensuring the implementation of the national education policies.

　　10. Deepen the collaboration between medical education and promote the reform and development of medical education.

　　In July, the General Office of the State Council issued the Opinions on Deepening the Collaboration between Medical Education and Further Promoting the Reform and Development of Medical Education, which was the first time to issue a document on the special work of medical education reform and development in the name of the State Council. The Opinions defined 14 reform tasks in four aspects, and put forward specific reform measures around comprehensively improving the quality of personnel training, comprehensively optimizing the structure of personnel training, strengthening the macro-management of medical and educational cooperation, and promoting the close combination of personnel training and use. It focuses on the major and deep-seated problems faced by the reform and development of medical education, and is a major reform with overall, strategic and leading significance, focusing on the construction of a healthy China.

　　11. Improve the development level of special education.

　　In July, the Ministry of Education and other seven departments issued the Second Special Education Promotion Plan (2017— 2020). The Promotion Plan clearly defines three key tasks: improving the special education system, enhancing the security capacity of special education, and improving the quality of special education. It proposes that the enrollment rate of compulsory education for disabled children and adolescents will reach more than 95% by 2020 by giving priority to regular school attendance, special education school attendance and door-to-door delivery. In addition, in April, the "Regulations on the Administration of the National Unified Examination for the Admission of Disabled Persons to Colleges and Universities (Provisional)" was promulgated, which provided reasonable convenience for disabled candidates who took the college entrance examination.

　　12. Improve the cultural exchange mechanism between China and foreign countries in the new era.

　　In July, the meeting of the Central Leading Group for Comprehensively Deepening Reform deliberated and adopted "Several Opinions on Strengthening and Improving Humanities Exchanges between China and Foreign Countries". After that, the State Council of China issued a document, emphasizing the need to innovate the high-level humanities exchange mechanism, reform the content, form and working mechanism of humanities exchanges in various fields, and integrate the concepts of humanities exchanges and cooperation into all fields of foreign exchanges. In 2017, six high-level people-to-people exchange mechanisms between China and Russia, China and the United States, China and Britain, Central Europe, China and France, and China and Indonesia were further consolidated, and the high-level people-to-people exchange mechanisms between China, South Africa and China and Germany were launched for the first time, serving the country’s reform and development and foreign strategy, demonstrating China characteristics, China style and China style.

　　13. Further strengthen compulsory education to control dropout and protect education.

　　In July, the General Office of the State Council issued the Notice on Further Strengthening the Control of Dropouts and Improving the Consolidation Level of Compulsory Education. The "Notice" makes arrangements for improving the consolidation level of compulsory education and ensuring the development of compulsory education, emphasizing the need to focus on the construction of a working mechanism to control dropout and protect education, and to avoid dropping out of school because of school weariness, poverty and inconvenience. This is a powerful measure to increase the support for compulsory education in rural areas, especially in areas such as the old, the young and the poor, and is of great significance to building a well-off society in an all-round way and winning the battle against poverty.

　　14. Strengthen and improve moral education in primary and secondary schools.

　　In August, the Ministry of Education issued the Guide to Moral Education in Primary and Secondary Schools. The Guide puts forward the goal of moral education at different levels, emphasizes the pertinence of moral education, and highlights the organic connection and gradual progress of moral education. The publication of the Guide will play an important role in improving the long-term mechanism construction of moral education in primary and secondary schools and comprehensively improving the level of moral education in primary and secondary schools.

　　15. The textbooks compiled by the three subjects of compulsory education are put into use.

　　Since September 1st, the Ministry of Education has organized a new textbook of three subjects — — Compulsory education ethics and rule of law, Chinese and history have been examined and approved by the National Textbook Committee and put into use in the initial grades of primary and secondary schools nationwide. The textbooks of "Three Subjects" attach importance to cultivating and practicing socialist core values, implementing Chinese excellent traditional culture education and strengthening revolutionary traditional education. Compiling unified textbooks is an important decision of the central government, an important measure to educate people, and the need to improve the quality of education.

　　16. Deepen the reform of the education system and mechanism.

　　In September, the general offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council issued the Opinions on Deepening the Reform of Educational System and Mechanism, aiming at the outstanding problems and key points of all kinds of education at all levels, clearly proposing to systematically promote the reform of educational methods, school-running models, management systems and guarantee mechanisms, and making efforts to improve the basic institutional system in Socialism with Chinese characteristics, so as to make all kinds of education at all levels more in line with the laws of education, the laws of talent growth and the all-round development of people, and to provide institutional guarantee for the development of modern education with China characteristics and world level.

　　17. Strengthen the comprehensive management of bullying among primary and secondary school students.

　　In November, 11 departments, including the Ministry of Education, jointly issued the Plan for Strengthening the Comprehensive Management of Bullying among Primary and Secondary School Students. The Governance Plan clarifies the definition of student bullying, puts forward specific measures to prevent it, standardizes disposal procedures, clarifies disciplinary measures for different situations of student bullying, and establishes a long-term mechanism and clarifies the division of responsibilities. This is of great guiding significance for implementing the prevention and control of bullying among primary and secondary school students and building the campus into the safest and sunniest place.

　　18. Implementation of management standards for compulsory education schools

　　In December, the Ministry of Education issued the Standards for the Management of Compulsory Education Schools, which comprehensively and systematically sorted out the basic requirements for the management of compulsory education schools in China for the first time. The standard defines the main management responsibilities of the school from six aspects: safeguarding students’ equal rights and interests, promoting students’ all-round development, leading teachers’ professional progress, improving the level of education and teaching, creating a harmonious and beautiful environment, and building a modern school system, including 88 specific contents such as "adhering to the principle of admission without examination" and "implementing balanced classes". The promulgation and implementation of the Management Standards is of great significance to comprehensively improve the quality of compulsory education, promote the balanced development of compulsory education, standardize the school-running behavior of compulsory education and comprehensively improve the development level of compulsory education.

　　19. Deepen the integration of production and education

　　In December, General Office of the State Council issued Several Opinions on Deepening the Integration of Industry and Education. For the first time, the Opinions clarified the policy connotation and institutional framework of deepening the integration of production and education, integrated education first and talents first into various policies, and improved the promotion mechanism of the integration of production and education. Deepening the integration of production and education will promote the development of vocational education and higher education, strengthen the cultivation of innovative talents and technical skills talents, give better play to the leading role of education in supporting industrial transformation and upgrading, and further promote the coordinated development of education and economy and society.

　　20. Start the ten thousand teachers’ teaching program in Tibet and Xinjiang.

　　In December, four departments, including the Ministry of Education, jointly issued the "Implementation Plan for Ten Thousand Teachers in Tibet and Xinjiang", and the first batch of 4,000 teachers were planned to be sent to Tibet, Xinjiang and Corps. The implementation of this plan will effectively alleviate the contradiction of the shortage of excellent teachers in the recipient areas of Tibet and Xinjiang, and promote the education and teaching level of recipient schools in Tibet and Xinjiang.

　　Zhongxin Jingwei Client August 28th On the 28th, Hongkou Branch of Shanghai Public Security Bureau informed that Huang Yiqing had been arrested for drug trafficking and drug abuse. Earlier, Yi Huang Qing once said that Shanghai Economic Investigation Police acted as Zhou Libo’s "protective umbrella" and was punished by administrative detention, but later admitted that it was a fabrication.

　　Hongkou Branch of Shanghai Public Security Bureau reported that Huang Yiqing, male, aged 34, was the ex-husband of actor Crystal. After being punished by the public security organs according to law for spreading false statements on the Internet, he continued to publish false statements through the Internet, and his behavior was suspected of causing trouble. On August 3, Hongkou Public Security Bureau criminally detained Huang according to law. After further investigation, the public security organs found that there were still illegal and criminal acts of selling and taking drugs to others in Yi Huang.

　　According to the data of Tianyancha, Huang Yiqing is a shareholder in four companies, of which one catering management company has been revoked, one industry and trade company has been cancelled, and the other two are in a state of existence, namely Shanghai Xindongli Super Run Automobile Club Co., Ltd. and Shanghai Jiajia Investment Management Co., Ltd.

　　Sky eye check screenshot

　　Among them, Huang Yiqing works as a supervisor in Shanghai Xindongli Super Run Automobile Club Co., Ltd., with an investment ratio of 70%, and works as an executive director and general manager in Shanghai Jiajia Investment Management Co., Ltd. with an investment ratio of 50%. The ultimate beneficiaries of both companies are Yi Huang Qing himself.

　　Sky eye check screenshot

　　Sky eye check screenshot

　　It is worth noting that Shanghai Yujia Catering Management Co., Ltd., of which Huang Yiqing is a shareholder, was twice listed in the list of abnormal business operations because it failed to submit the annual report information as required; And on October 17, 2016, he was administratively punished by Shanghai Fengxian District Market Supervision Administration for self-suspension for six consecutive months. (Zhongxin Jingwei APP)

The reference news network reported on December 17. The US media said thatWeapons that can kill people without direct human participation, the so-called "lethal autonomous weapons" will soon appear.

According to the US Forbes biweekly website reported on December 15, on September 14, 2019, a small number of drones attacked the Hureis oil field and the Bougueg refinery in Saudi Arabia. In addition to disrupting 5% of the world’s crude oil production, the attack also highlighted some challenges brought by the use of these remote-controlled weapons.

The report said that the first is that it is difficult to be accountable. Nearly three months after the incident, it is still unclear who made the attack. Like hackers in cyber warfare, the attackers left almost no trace. Another problem is that such weapons are small in size and relatively low in cost, so they may be attractive to a small group of militants or terrorists and some countries.

The report said that this is scary enough. However, in view of the current development direction of the arms industry, these concerns cannot be compared with those that may arise in the future.

As the Dutch NGO "Peace" pointed out in a report published a few weeks ago, the world is on a dangerous path, and those weapons that can kill people without direct human participation, the so-called "lethal autonomous weapons", will soon appear. The more common name of this kind of weapon is "killing robot".

According to the report, this nickname is misleading to some extent, reminiscent of fantasy things such as "Terminator" in science fiction movies. In fact, these tools are similar to more traditional deadly devices: unmanned combat aircraft, tanks, submarines; What has changed is not the shape of the weapon, but its degree of autonomy. At present, completely autonomous offensive weapons have not been deployed in actual combat, but machines are becoming more and more advanced, and the dependence on human control is decreasing.

Profile picture: T-800 hunting robot in the sci-fi movie Terminator. (Forbes biweekly website)

Profile photo: The Turkish "Cargou" attack four-axis UAV was unveiled at the exhibition. (Turkish Ministry of Defence website)

One example is the "Cargou" autonomous attack four-axis UAV developed by the Turkish state-owned enterprise STM. According to reports, it will be deployed in the border area adjacent to Syria in eastern Turkey in 2020. According to an article in the Turkish newspaper Freedom, each "Cargou" fleet will consist of 30 drones, all of which are equipped with artificial intelligence and facial recognition systems. Depending on the coordinates or images of the target, these Cargou UAVs will be able to complete all tasks autonomously. Fortunately, human operators can still choose to "abort the mission" and "return to the base" at all stages of the drone attack.

According to the report, Russia’s T-14 Amata main battle tank is equipped with unmanned turrets and computerized systems, so it is often regarded as another equipment case that will soon achieve complete autonomy-although some people doubt whether this will really make it more effective on the battlefield.

Perhaps not coincidentally, countries such as Russia, Israel and the United States strongly oppose banning the development of "killing robots" in advance. The United Nations discussed the issue of pre-banning such weapons at a meeting in Geneva in November.

As The New York Times pointed out in a recent special report, the measures to ban blinding laser weapons in advance were successful. Therefore,Theoretically, this ban may also apply to "killing robots". The general public awareness and strong support for the ban may change the situation, which is what is missing at present.

[Extended reading] Lifting the ban on "killing robots"? The US military AI development strategy involves ethical disputes.

The reference news network reported on February 15. According to the British "Daily Mail" website reported on February 14th, the US military hopes to expand the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in the war, but said that it will pay attention to the deployment of this technology according to national values.

According to the report, in a 17-page report, the Pentagon explained how to inject artificial intelligence into future military operations and how to keep up with the technological progress of Russia and China in the future.

The report entitled "Using Artificial Intelligence to Promote Our Security and Prosperity" marks the first time that the Pentagon has formulated a strategy on how to deal with the rise of artificial intelligence.

The strategic plan calls for accelerating the use of artificial intelligence systems in the whole army and carrying out a series of tasks, from intelligence gathering actions to predicting maintenance problems of fighter planes or ships. It urges the United States to rapidly advance such technologies before they are weakened by other countries.

"Other countries, especially China and Russia, are also investing heavily in artificial intelligence for military purposes, including those applications that have been questioned by the outside world in terms of international norms and human rights," the report said.

The report makes little mention of automated weapons, but quotes a military directive in 2012 that requires manual control. A few countries, including the United States, have been obstructing the international community from setting a ban on "killing robots" at the United Nations. One day, this completely autonomous weapon system may wage war without human intervention.

The United States believes that it is too early to try to regulate "killing robots".

The report believes that the strategic report released by the Pentagon this week focuses on more immediate applications, but even some of them have triggered ethical debates.

After Google’s internal protests led the technology company to withdraw from the Maven project last year, the Pentagon encountered obstacles in the field of artificial intelligence. Maven project is to analyze aerial images of conflict areas by using algorithms.

Other companies are trying to fill this vacuum, and the Pentagon is working with artificial intelligence experts in industry and academia to formulate ethical guidelines for their artificial intelligence applications.

Todd Probert, vice president of artificial intelligence department of Raytheon, said: "Everything we see is decided by human decision makers."

Probert said: "The project is using technology to help speed up this process, but it has not replaced the existing command structure."

（2019-02-15 10:29:27）

[Extended reading] Expert warning: Killing robots may lead to an arms race or lead to the massacre of civilians.

The reference news network reported on November 21. The British "Star Daily" website published a report entitled "The Killing Robot Arms Race" on November 17th.

An artificial intelligence expert revealed that the United States, Britain, Russia, Israel and other countries are involved in a competition to build a killing robot army.

From self-shooting guns and drones to remote-controlled super tanks, prototype robots in the United States and Russia have been successfully built and ready to go. And humanoid robots on the battlefield will only appear in a few decades-and outline a terrible prospect for the world.

Noel sharky, honorary professor of artificial intelligence and robotics at the University of Sheffield in the UK, told SciDev.Net: "An arms race has begun."

Sharky said: "What we are seeing now is that the United States, Israel and Russia (the killing robot arms race) has begun. If these things appear, then they may accidentally trigger war at any time. "

He also said: "How can we ban them? You can put these things on hold forever, but they only need to be recharged to start again. "

Nowadays, artificial intelligence robots are setting off a craze around the world. Professor sharky is worried that the research and development of killing robots may also have such an amazing speed. Therefore, he is leading a global movement to ban killing robots.

After this website disclosed the latest development-American robots do backflips-the expert warned that the latest project in Russia was "absolutely frightening".

Sharky said: "There is something terrible … The Russians have developed this thing called’ super tank’, and it is the most advanced tank in the world, which is much ahead. It is definitely a monster with great destructive power, and they can remotely control it. They are still trying to turn it into a fully automatic robot at the fastest speed. "

Although autonomous armed robots are ahead of humanoid robots for many years, Professor sharky is worried that the possible humanoid robots may bring disaster to the world-leading to the massacre of civilians.

When warning about the terrible consequences of killing robots, Professor sharky said: "This can’t be in line with the laws of war. Can they distinguish whether a target is a military target or a civilian target? This is the key to the law of war. "

He said: "It is also not allowed to kill people who try to surrender. I know that many people think that surrender means raising a white flag, but actually surrender means any gesture that shows that you are no longer fighting, such as lying on the ground unarmed … but robots can’t distinguish this. My biggest personal concern is what kind of damage this will cause to global security-because an arms race for such weapons has already begun. "

Profile picture: American robot that can do backflips. (British "Star Daily" website)

（2017-11-21 10:14:24）

[Further reading] German media said that the United Nations wanted to restrain the development of "killing robots" so far without results.

The reference news network reported on November 16. According to the German Daily Mirror website reported on November 13th, in the near future, completely autonomous killing robots will decide people’s life and death on the battlefield. Discussions on prohibiting or at least restricting the use of such weapon systems have not stopped in recent years, but so far there is no result. The United Nations recently began discussions on this issue in Geneva.

What is a killing robot?

Its official name is "lethal autonomous weapon system". At present, there is no universally valid definition. The United Nations and the International Red Cross explain it this way: it can set targets, launch attacks and clear targets without human help. In other words, once programmed, these weapon systems can independently analyze data, navigate to the combat area and use weapons such as cannons or rockets. In recent years, the great progress in the field of artificial intelligence constitutes the basis for the development of killing robots.

The drone that is already in use is still controlled by soldiers, so it is not a killing robot. Although it doesn’t seem far away from its independent operation.

How far has it developed?

Russian Deputy Prime Minister rogozin, who is in charge of armament, released a video this spring, in which a humanoid killing robot like Terminator can be seen. This is more of a propaganda category. It doesn’t matter whether the appearance is similar to that of human beings. Experts from Human Rights Watch believe that "the autonomy of weapon systems developed by the United States, Britain, China, Israel, Russia and South Korea is increasing". At present, there are already prototypes in use.

Supporters argue that it will minimize the danger of soldiers. But this may lead to the lowering of the threshold and the increase of wars-thus leading to more civilian casualties. People can already see this development in the use of remotely controlled drones.

The picture shows a military drone equipped in the United States.

Who will bear the consequences?

This is a fundamental ethical issue that is inseparable from the killing robot. Ethical and moral actions, the distinction between good and evil, right and wrong, the evaluation of the consequences, and the responsibility for one’s own actions all do not exist in future wars. Although the robot has artificial intelligence, it has no feelings such as pity or regret, and it has no sense of guilt. It has no way to start with concepts such as moderation. But this is written in the so-called law of war: the parties to the conflict must avoid unnecessary damage and unnecessary pain to each other. We must be kind to civilians, injured, incapacitated and captured soldiers. Experts believe that this cannot be programmed. In 2013, policy experts warned in a report to the United Nations Commission on Human Rights that these "tireless war machines" may turn armed conflicts into endless wars-diplomacy will not be able to stop the killing of machines dedicated to fighting even if there is no hope.

How to establish legal norms?

So far, no. This UN conference will not legislate, but will only explore its political, ethical and legal space in a "political statement". A ban is out of the question.

Since these systems do not actually exist at present, Germany and France propose to define autonomous weapon systems first. A group of technical experts, including military representatives, will explain the risks of new weapons. The representative of the "International Campaign to Stop Killing Robots" thinks that this is not enough, and these weapons must be banned in advance.

Only 19 countries have asked for a ban. Behind the scenes, it is precisely the countries that are leading in integrating artificial intelligence with combat equipment. Recently, more than 100 experts wrote in an open letter that killing robots are the third combat revolution after gunpowder and nuclear bombs. If new weapons fall into the hands of tyrants and terrorists, what awaits people will be complete terror.

（2017-11-16 09:31:00）