In 2015, the state deepened rural reform, developed modern agriculture and promoted farmers’ income increase.
1. Direct grain subsidy policy
In 2015, the central government continued to implement direct subsidies for grain farmers, and arranged subsidy funds of 14.05 billion yuan. In principle, the funds are required to be distributed to farmers engaged in grain production, which is determined by the provincial people’s governments according to the actual situation.
2. Comprehensive subsidy policy for agricultural materials
In 2015, the central government continued to implement comprehensive subsidies for agricultural materials of grain farmers. According to the dynamic adjustment system, according to the price changes of agricultural materials such as fertilizers and diesel, the subsidy funds were arranged and increased in time according to the principle of "price compensation as a whole, dynamic adjustment, only increase but not decrease", and the increased cost of agricultural means of production for grain farmers was reasonably compensated. In October 2014, the central government has pre-allocated 107.1 billion yuan of comprehensive subsidies for agricultural materials in 2015 to all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities).
3. Improved seed subsidy policy
In 2015, the central government allocated 20.35 billion yuan in subsidies for improved varieties of crops, covering rice, wheat, corn, cotton, soybeans in Northeast China and Inner Mongolia, winter rape in 10 provinces (cities) in the Yangtze River basin, Xinyang in Henan, Hanzhong in Shaanxi and highland barley in Tibetan areas, and conducting pilot subsidies for potatoes and peanuts in major producing areas. Wheat, corn, soybeans, rape and highland barley are subsidized to 10 yuan per mu. Among them, improved wheat varieties in Xinjiang subsidize 15 yuan; Subsidize 15 yuan per mu for rice and cotton; The first and second seed potatoes are subsidized by 100 yuan per mu; Peanut seed breeding subsidies per mu in 50 yuan, field production subsidies per mu in 10 yuan. Rice, corn, rape subsidies to take direct cash subsidies, wheat, soybeans, cotton can take direct cash subsidies or the difference between the purchase of seed subsidies, specifically by the provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in accordance with the principle of simple and convenient.
4. Agricultural machinery purchase subsidy policy
In 2015, the agricultural machinery purchase subsidy policy was implemented in all agricultural and animal husbandry counties (farms) in China, and the subsidy targets were individuals and agricultural production and operation organizations directly engaged in agricultural production. The types of subsidized machines and tools were 137 items in 11 categories, 43 subcategories. The central financial subsidies for agricultural machinery purchase shall be fixed, that is, the same type and grade of agricultural machinery shall, in principle, implement a unified subsidy standard within the province, and it is not allowed to treat similar products produced by enterprises inside and outside the province differently. The subsidy amount of the central financial fund for general machines and tools shall not exceed 50,000 yuan; The subsidy for single milking machine and dryer shall not exceed 120,000 yuan; The single-machine subsidy for large tractors, high-performance forage harvesters, large no-tillage seeders, large combine harvesters and large-scale program-controlled equipment for soaking seeds and accelerating germination of rice does not exceed 150,000 yuan; The subsidy for tractors with more than 200 horsepower shall not exceed 250,000 yuan; The single subsidy for large sugarcane harvesters shall not exceed 400,000 yuan; The single subsidy for large cotton pickers shall not exceed 600,000 yuan.
Included in the "National Agricultural Machinery Subsoiling and Soil Preparation Implementation Plan", the provinces can arrange subsidy funds (not exceeding 15% of the total subsidy funds) in combination with the actual situation for implementing agricultural machinery subsoiling and soil preparation subsidies in suitable areas. Encourage qualified large-scale agricultural machinery, agricultural machinery cooperatives and other agricultural machinery service organizations to undertake the task of homework subsidies and carry out socialized services such as cross-regional subsoiling and soil preparation.
5. Pilot policy of agricultural machinery scrap renewal subsidy
In 2015, pilot projects of agricultural machinery scrapping and renewal subsidies were carried out in Hebei, Shanxi, Heilongjiang, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Shandong, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Xinjiang, Ningbo and Qingdao. Agricultural machinery scrap renewal subsidies and agricultural machinery purchase subsidies are linked and implemented simultaneously. Scrap machines and tools are tractors and combine harvesters that have been registered in agricultural machinery safety supervision institutions and have reached the scrapping standard or exceeded the scrapping period. The subsidy standard for agricultural machinery scrapping and updating is determined according to the models and categories of scrapped tractors and combine harvesters. The subsidies for tractors vary from 500 yuan to 11,000 yuan according to the different horsepower sections, and the combine harvesters vary from 3,000 yuan to 18,000 yuan according to the different feeding amount (or harvest rows).
6 new subsidies to grain and other important agricultural products, new agricultural business entities, major producing areas tilt policy.
In 2015, the subsidy policy was adjusted and improved in a timely manner, and a total of 23.4 billion yuan was arranged to support the moderate-scale operation of grain, focusing on large professional households, family farms and farmers’ cooperatives.
7. Minimum purchase price policy for wheat and rice.
In order to protect farmers’ interests and prevent "cheap grain from hurting farmers", the state continued to implement the minimum purchase price policy in major grain producing areas in 2015. The minimum purchase price of wheat (third-class) was 118 yuan per 50 kg, and the minimum purchase prices of early indica rice (third-class, the same below), mid-late indica rice and japonica rice were 135 yuan, 138 yuan and 155 yuan per 50 kg respectively, maintaining the same level in 2014.
8. Incentive policies for grain (oil) producing counties
In order to improve and strengthen the financial situation of major grain-producing counties and mobilize the enthusiasm of local governments to attach importance to agriculture and grasp grain, the central government issued an incentive policy for major grain-producing counties in 2005. In 2014, the central government arranged 35.1 billion yuan of incentive funds for grain-producing (oil-producing) counties. The specific incentive method is to calculate and reward counties according to the grain production situation of county-level administrative units in recent years. For the conventional grain-producing counties, it is mainly determined according to the average grain output in the five years from 2006 to 2010 is more than 400 million Jin, and the commodity quantity (excluding rations, feed grain and seed grain) is more than 10 million Jin; Although it does not meet the above standards, the counties that rank in the top 15 in the main producing areas or the top 5 in the non-main producing areas can also be included in the award; In addition to the above two standards, each province can also determine a county with great production potential and outstanding contribution to regional food security to be included in the reward scope. On the basis of regular grain-producing counties, the central government will give key rewards to the grain-producing counties whose average grain output or commodity volume in the five years from 2006 to 2010 are respectively listed in the top 100 in China as super grain-producing counties. Incentive funds continue to be allocated by factor method, with the weights of grain commodity quantity, output and sown area being 60%, 20% and 20% respectively. The incentive funds for conventional grain-producing counties are linked to the financial situation at the provincial level, and different regions adopt different incentive coefficients. The incentive funds for large grain-producing counties are allocated to counties by the central government, and the incentive standard for conventional grain-producing counties is 5-80 million yuan. As a general transfer payment, the incentive funds are used by the county-level people’s government as a whole.Incentive funds for super grain-producing counties are used to support grain production and industrial development. While rewarding major grain-producing counties, the central government will give key rewards to the top five super grain-producing provinces in 13 major grain-producing areas, and the rest will be given appropriate rewards. The reward funds will be used by provincial finance to support grain production and industrial development in this province.
The reward for major oil-producing counties is determined by the provincial people’s government in accordance with the principle of "highlighting key varieties and rewarding key counties (cities)", and the central government calculates the three-year average oil output of each province (autonomous region or municipality) as a reward factor according to the output of oil-bearing crops, soybeans, cottonseed and camellia seed by province and province from 2008 to 2010. Rapeseed has increased the reward coefficient by 20%, and soybeans have been included in the rewards of major grain-producing counties to continue to be rewarded; The short-listed counties shall enjoy an incentive fund of not less than 1 million yuan, and all the incentive funds shall be used to support oil production and industrial development. In 2015, the central government continued to increase incentives for major grain (oil) producing counties.
9. Incentive policies for pig counties
In order to mobilize the enthusiasm of local governments to develop pig breeding, in 2014, the central government arranged an incentive fund of 3.5 billion yuan, which was earmarked for the development of pig production, including the expenditure on the renovation of large-scale pig farmers (farms), the introduction of improved varieties, and the disposal of manure, as well as insurance premium subsidies, loan interest subsidies, and epidemic prevention service expenses. According to the principle of "guiding production, multi-adjustment and multi-award, direct allocation to counties and special use", the incentive funds are calculated according to the weights of pig transfer, slaughter and stock, which are 50%, 25% and 25% respectively. In 2015, the central government continued to implement the reward of transferring pigs out of large counties.
10. Agricultural product target price policy
In 2014, in order to explore the reform of decoupling the price formation mechanism of agricultural products from government subsidies, gradually establish the target price system of agricultural products, and effectively ensure farmers’ income, the state launched the target price reform pilot of soybeans and cotton in Northeast China and Inner Mongolia, actively explored the target price insurance pilot of agricultural products such as grain and pigs, and launched the pilot of marketing loans for large-scale grain production operators. In 2015, the state continued to implement and constantly improve relevant policies, and the target price level of cotton in Xinjiang was 19,100 yuan per ton.
11 agricultural disaster prevention and mitigation, stable production and key technology subsidy policy
In 2014, the central government arranged subsidies for key technologies for agricultural disaster prevention, mitigation, stable production and increase production, achieved full coverage of wheat in major producing provinces, implemented subsidies for dry farming technologies such as plastic film mulching in the northwest, implemented subsidies for comprehensive fertilization to promote early maturity in autumn grain in northeast China and rice in the south, arranged subsidies for restoring agricultural production in typhoon and flood disasters in the south, and vigorously promoted specialized unified prevention and control of crop diseases and insect pests, which played an important role in preventing regional natural disasters and timely recovering disaster losses. In 2014, the local disaster relief mechanism was established, and in 2015, the central government continued to guide local governments to take the initiative to provide disaster relief according to this mechanism.
12. Further promote the establishment of high-yield grain, cotton, oil and sugar and the support policies for tackling key problems in the grain green yield-increasing model.
In 2015, the central government will continue to arrange 2 billion yuan of special funds to support the establishment of high-yield grain, cotton, oil and sugar and the tackling of the green grain yield-increasing model. On the basis of building a high-yield demonstration film of 10,000 mu, we will focus on promoting the pilot project of high-yield construction in 5 cities (prefectures), 50 counties (cities, districts) and 500 townships (towns). At the same time, pilot projects to tackle key problems of grain green production increase model were carried out in 60 counties. In order to improve the level of creation and improve the efficiency of capital use, all localities can make appropriate adjustments to the subsidy standards, the number of demonstration films between different crops and the cities and counties undertaking pilot tasks according to the actual situation. Strict implementation of the project rotation system, for three consecutive years to undertake the task of creating high-yield demonstration films, to change the implementation location. Encourage high-yield creation at different levels, explore plots with different fertility levels, different production conditions and different yield levels, and simultaneously carry out high-yield creation and green yield-increasing model research. In principle, the number of demonstration plots for high-yield creation in low-and medium-yield fields accounts for about one third of the total. Through the implementation of the project, a number of regional, standardized, high-yield and high-efficiency technical models will be integrated and promoted, which will drive the realization of low-yield to middle-class, middle-class to high-yield, high-yield and sustainable, and further enhance the comprehensive production capacity of grain, cotton, oil and sugar in China.
13. Support policies for the establishment of vegetable, fruit and tea standardization
In 2015, the standard garden of horticultural crops will continue to be established, and centralized contiguous promotion will be carried out in specialized villages of vegetables, fruits and tea to realize the expansion from "garden" to "district". In particular, it is necessary to organically combine the establishment of the standard garden with the transformation of the old fruit tea garden, and closely combine it with the implementation of projects such as comprehensive agricultural development, plant protection specialization, unified prevention and control, soil testing and formula fertilization, so as to create a number of high-standard and high-level vegetable, fruit and tea standard parks and standardized demonstration areas with large-scale planting, standardized production, commercialization, brand sales and industrial operation.
In order to realize the balanced supply of vegetables year-round, we should focus on "three improvements": first, we should improve the vegetable production capacity, continue to do a good job in vegetable production in facilities in northern cities, actively strive to expand the pilot scale, provide reproducible technical models, and improve the resource utilization rate and the self-sufficiency of vegetables in winter and spring in northern China; Second, improve the scientific and technological level of vegetable production, speed up the promotion of a number of new varieties of vegetables with high yield, high quality and multi-resistance, and focus on breeding and promoting new varieties of solanaceous fruits suitable for protected cultivation. The establishment of vegetable standard park focuses on integrating, demonstrating and promoting regional and standardized cultivation techniques to improve the scientific and technological level of vegetable production; The third is to improve the organizational level of vegetable production. In 2015, in terms of funding arrangements for the establishment of standardized vegetable and fruit tea projects, we will increase support for large growers, specialized cooperatives and leading enterprises to develop standardized production, and promote the standardization, scale and industrialization of vegetable production.
14. Subsidy policy for soil testing and formula fertilization
In 2015, the central government continued to invest 700 million yuan to further promote soil testing and formula fertilization, provide 190 million farmers with technical services of soil testing and formula fertilization free of charge, and popularize soil testing and formula fertilization technology for more than 1.5 billion mu. In the implementation of the project, we will make overall arrangements for soil sampling and field tests according to local conditions, continuously improve the technical system of scientific fertilization for food crops, expand the implementation scope of soil testing and formula fertilization for economic horticultural crops, and gradually establish the technical system of scientific fertilization for economic horticultural crops. Strengthen the cooperation between agriculture and enterprises, promote the use of formula fertilizer from village to household, explore the pilot of subsidies for new business entities such as large grain growers, family farms and professional cooperatives, support the development of professional and socialized formula fertilization service organizations, and apply information technology to carry out fertilization technical services.
15. Support policies for zero growth of chemical fertilizers and pesticides
In order to support the use of high-efficiency fertilizers and low-residue pesticides, since 2014, the central government has arranged 3 million yuan for the demonstration project of high-efficiency slow-release fertilizer integration mode, focusing on popularizing the technical mode of corn seed fertilizer sowing at one time and high-efficiency slow-release fertilizer application at the bottom of plastic film-covered spring corn cultivation in five provinces of Heilongjiang, Jilin, Henan, Gansu and Shandong. Since 2011, the state has launched a pilot demonstration subsidy for low-toxic biological pesticides, with a special financial allocation of 9.96 million yuan in 2015. It will continue to carry out pilot demonstration subsidies for low-toxic biological pesticides in 42 counties producing horticultural crops such as vegetables, fruits and tea in 17 provinces (cities), including Beijing, to subsidize farmers’ increased drug expenditure due to the adoption of low-toxic biological pesticides, and to encourage and promote the popularization and application of low-toxic biological pesticides.
16. Subsidy policy for farmland protection and quality improvement
From 2014, the "Soil Organic Matter Improvement Project" was changed to "Cultivated Land Protection and Quality Improvement Project". In 2015, the central government arranged 800 million yuan of funds to encourage and support new agricultural business entities such as large grain growers and family farms and farmers to return straw to fields, strengthen green manure planting, increase the application of organic manure, improve soil and fertility, promote the transformation and utilization of organic manure resources, improve the rural ecological environment and improve the quality of cultivated land. First, comprehensively promote the comprehensive technology of returning straw to the field. In the southern rice-growing areas, it mainly solves the problem that returning early rice straw to the field will affect late rice transplanting and seed grabbing. In North China, it mainly solves the problems that a large amount of corn straw will affect the growth of the next crop after being mechanically crushed and returned to the field, and farmers will hug the crushed straw to the ground and burn it. According to the characteristics of different regions, different technical models of straw returning to field should be popularized and applied. The second is to increase the application of comprehensive supporting technologies for soil fertility improvement. Integrated straw returning, increasing application of organic fertilizer, planting fertile crops, applying soil conditioners and other comprehensive supporting technologies for soil fertility improvement will be vigorously promoted and applied in the pilot work of quality acceptance and evaluation of supplementary cultivated land and in the provinces with large area of high-standard cultivated land and a large number of supplementary cultivated land. The third is to strengthen the construction of green manure planting demonstration areas. Mainly in areas where there are many fallow fields in winter and autumn, and planting green manure will not affect the development of grain and main cash crops, green manure planting demonstration areas will be set up to drive local farmers to resume green manure planting, improve soil fertility and improve soil.
In 2015, the pilot work of black land protection will be carried out in four northeastern provinces, and pilot counties will be selected to comprehensively integrate technical models, increase investment, innovate mechanisms, focus on improving black land facilities, comprehensively improve the quality of black land, and promote the sustained and stable development of food and agriculture.
17. Support policies for protected agricultural land
In order to further support the healthy development of facility agriculture, in 2014, the state issued the Notice on Further Supporting the Healthy Development of Facility Agriculture, which further improved the current facility agricultural land policy. First, the land for supporting facilities necessary for large-scale grain production will be included in the management of "facility agricultural land". Large agricultural professional households, family farms, farmers’ cooperatives, agricultural enterprises and other facilities necessary for large-scale grain production, including drying fields, grain drying facilities, temporary storage places for grain and agricultural materials, temporary storage places for large agricultural machinery and tools, etc., are not required to go through the approval procedures for agricultural land conversion according to agricultural land management. The second is to refine the requirements for the management of protected agricultural land. Production facilities, ancillary facilities and supporting facilities occupy cultivated land, and it is not necessary to supplement cultivated land. Technical measures such as stripping cultivated land are encouraged to protect cultivated land and land reclamation agreements are signed to replace the requirement of "occupying one and supplementing one" that is difficult to achieve in practice. If it is really difficult to avoid basic farmland in the construction of supporting facilities for large-scale grain production in plain areas, it is allowed to occupy basic farmland after demonstration and make up for it according to the quality guarantee. Encourage local governments to uniformly build public facilities, improve the utilization efficiency of agricultural facilities, and intensively save land. When increasing the occupation of agricultural land by non-agricultural construction facilities, we should handle the conversion of agricultural land and implement the obligation of balancing farmland occupation and compensation according to law. The construction and land use of agricultural facilities in state-owned farms shall be formulated separately by the provincial land and resources department in conjunction with the agricultural department and relevant departments in accordance with the spirit of the document. The third is to change the management system of protected agricultural land from "audit system" to "filing system". According to the overall requirements of administrative examination and approval in the State Council, the management of protected agricultural land will be changed from the audit system to the filing system. While simplifying the examination and approval procedures of protected agricultural land, people’s governments at townships and counties, land and agricultural departments are required to strengthen supervision and management according to their duties, and the management of protected agricultural land will be included in the target assessment of provincial government’s farmland protection responsibility, and joint supervision responsibility will be implemented.
18 to promote the development of modern seed industry support policies.
In 2015, the state continued to promote the reform of seed industry system, strengthen the policy support of seed industry, and promote the development of modern seed industry. First, the implementation of the central government’s reward policy for national seed production counties (including Hainan Nanfan scientific research and breeding counties), the adoption of rolling support to increase the reward and compensation, and the inclusion of seed production insurance for major grain crops in the financial premium subsidy catalogue to support the development of seed production industry. Second, we will continue to demonstrate new varieties, set up demonstration sites for new varieties in 140 counties in the main grain, cotton and oil producing areas of the country, and carry out on-site observation activities and technical training to provide guidance and services for farmers to choose excellent varieties and advanced cultivation techniques. Third, continue to organize and carry out special actions to crack down on the infringement of variety rights and the manufacture and sale of counterfeit and inferior seeds to protect the interests of farmers and variety owners. Fourth, release information on seed supply and demand and price, implement the national task of reserving 50 million kilograms of seeds for disaster relief, help the disaster-stricken areas to save themselves and ensure the safety of seeds for agricultural production. Fifth, push forward major scientific research on improved varieties of corn and soybean, implement a green channel for variety approval, organize the third national survey of germplasm resources, and cultivate and popularize breakthrough varieties as soon as possible. The sixth is to promote the flow of scientific research resources and talents to enterprises. In the China Academy of Agricultural Sciences and China Agricultural University and other scientific research institutions, we will carry out pilot reforms of the proportion of rights and interests of seed industry achievements, promote the empowerment of achievements and the transformation of public transactions, and stimulate the innovation vitality of scientific and technological personnel. Encourage key scientific and technological personnel of seed industry in institutions to provide technical services to superior seed enterprises.
19 agricultural products traceability system construction support policies
In order to ensure the quality and safety of agricultural products, in recent years, the country has continuously accelerated the construction of traceability system for agricultural products quality and safety, and built the interconnection of information of agricultural products production, acquisition, storage and transportation, so as to realize the whole quality traceability of agricultural products from the source of production to the product before listing. In 2015 and in the future, we will focus on accelerating the formulation of quality traceability system, management norms and technical standards, promoting the construction of national traceability information platform, and further improving the traceability system of agricultural products quality and safety. At the same time, increase investment in the construction of agricultural product quality and safety traceability system, constantly improve the equipment conditions required for the operation of grass-roots traceability system, and strengthen the capacity building of grass-roots information collection, supervision and spot check, inspection and testing, law enforcement supervision, publicity and training. In accordance with the principle of pilot first and then comprehensively promote, the certified subjects and products of "three products and one standard" will be piloted first, and on the basis of summing up the pilot experience, the traceability management goal covering the quality and safety of major agricultural products in China will be gradually realized.
20 agricultural products quality and safety county to create support policies
In 2014, the state launched the activity of establishing quality and safety counties for agricultural products, focusing on the main producing counties of "vegetable basket" products in accordance with the principles of implementing territorial responsibility, strengthening whole-process supervision, strengthening capacity improvement and promoting social co-governance. Since 2015, the central government has arranged 80 million yuan of financial subsidy funds to support the activities of establishing quality and safety counties for agricultural products. The subsidy funds are mainly used for system creation, model summary and exploration, and personnel training.
21 animal husbandry seed subsidy policy
Since 2005, the state has implemented the subsidy policy for improved livestock breeds. In 2014, 1.2 billion yuan was invested in animal husbandry seed subsidy funds, which were mainly used to give price subsidies to farms (households) in the project province to buy high-quality breeding pig (cow) semen or breeding rams and yak bulls. The subsidy standard for improved pig breeds is 40 yuan per sow; The subsidy standard for improved varieties of dairy cows is that each Holstein cow, Juanshan cow and Dairy Cow can breed cow 30 yuan, and each other can breed cow 20 yuan; The subsidy standard for beef cattle improved varieties is 10 yuan for each fertile cow; Sheep seed subsidy standard is 800 yuan for each ram; The subsidy standard for yak bulls is 2000 yuan per bull. In 2015, the state will continue to implement the subsidy policy for improved livestock breeds, and explore a pilot project to introduce subsidies for high-quality Holstein embryos, with a subsidy standard of 5,000 yuan per embryo.
22. Support policies for standardized scale farming of animal husbandry
In 2014, the central government invested a total of 3.8 billion yuan to support the development of standardized scale breeding of livestock and poultry. Among them, the central government arranged 2.5 billion yuan to support the construction of standardized scale pig breeding communities (farms), 1 billion yuan to support the construction of standardized scale dairy farming communities (farms), and 300 million yuan to support the construction of standardized scale beef and mutton sheep farms (farms) in Inner Mongolia, Sichuan, Tibet, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, Xinjiang and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps. The support funds are mainly used for the construction of supporting facilities such as water circuit reconstruction, manure treatment, epidemic prevention, milking and quality inspection in farms (communities). In 2015, the state continued to support the standardized scale breeding of livestock and poultry, but due to the adjustment and optimization of policy funds, it suspended the support for the construction of standardized scale pig farms (communities) for one year.
23. Animal epidemic prevention subsidy policy
China’s subsidy policy for animal epidemic prevention mainly includes the following five aspects: First, the subsidy policy for compulsory immunization vaccines against major animal diseases, and the state implements compulsory immunization policies for highly pathogenic avian influenza, foot-and-mouth disease, highly pathogenic porcine blue ear disease, classical swine fever, and petit ruminants; Compulsory immunization vaccines are purchased by the provincial government through bidding; Vaccine funds are shared by the central government and local governments in proportion, and farms (households) do not need to pay compulsory immunization vaccine fees. The second is the subsidy policy for the culling of livestock and poultry diseases. The state has imposed compulsory culling on animals with high pathogenicity of avian influenza, foot-and-mouth disease, high pathogenicity of porcine blue-ear disease and small ruminant plague, as well as animals in the same group and cows with brucellosis and tuberculosis. The state subsidizes the losses caused to farmers by culling livestock and poultry due to the above-mentioned diseases, and the subsidy funds for compulsory culling shall be borne by the central finance, local finance and farms (households) in proportion. The third is the subsidy policy for grass-roots animal epidemic prevention work. The subsidy funds are mainly used for labor subsidies for grass-roots animal epidemic prevention work such as compulsory immunization for livestock and poultry undertaken by village epidemic prevention staff. In 2015, the central government continued to arrange 780 million yuan in subsidy funds. Fourth, the subsidy policy for the harmless treatment of sick and dead pigs in the breeding process. For large-scale pig farms (communities) that slaughter more than 50 pigs a year and carry out harmless treatment of sick and dead pigs in the breeding process, the state gives each 80 yuan a subsidy for the cost of harmless treatment, and the subsidy funds are shared by the central and local governments. In 2015, the scope of subsidies for the harmless treatment of sick and dead pigs was expanded from large-scale farms (districts) to free-range pig households.Fifth, the subsidy policy for the harmless treatment of diseased pigs in the fixed-point slaughter of pigs. The state subsidizes the loss of diseased pigs and the cost of harmless treatment in the slaughtering process. The financial subsidy standard for the loss of diseased pigs is 800 yuan per head, and the financial subsidy standard for the cost of harmless treatment is 80 yuan per head. The subsidy funds are shared by the central and local governments.
24 grassland ecological protection subsidy and incentive policies
In order to strengthen grassland ecological protection, ensure the supply of special livestock products such as beef and mutton, and increase the income of herdsmen, the state has established a comprehensive subsidy and reward mechanism for grassland ecological protection in eight major grassland pastoral provinces (regions) such as Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, Tibet, Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu, Ningxia and Yunnan, and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps since 2011. The contents mainly include: the implementation of grazing ban subsidies, the implementation of grazing ban and enclosure for grasslands with very bad living environment, serious grassland degradation and unsuitable grazing, and the central government subsidizes herders according to the calculation standard of 6 yuan per mu per year, initially determining five years as a subsidy cycle; The implementation of the grass-livestock balance reward, for the available grasslands outside the grazing prohibition area, on the basis of the approved reasonable stocking capacity, the central government will give the grass-livestock balance reward to the herdsmen who are not overloaded according to the calculation standard of 1.5 yuan per mu per year; Give herders productive subsidies, including livestock seed subsidies, forage seed subsidies (10 yuan per mu per year) and comprehensive subsidies for the means of production in 500 yuan per household. In 2012, the implementation scope of grassland ecological protection subsidy and reward policy was extended to five provinces including Shanxi, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Liaoning and Jilin, and pastoral and semi-pastoral counties of Heilongjiang Land Reclamation Bureau, and all pastoral and semi-pastoral counties in 13 provinces (regions) were included in the implementation scope of the policy. In 2014, the central government invested 15.769 billion yuan in 13 provinces (autonomous regions). In 2015, the state continued to implement subsidies and incentives for grassland ecological protection in 13 provinces (regions).
25. Revitalize dairy industry to support alfalfa development policy.
In order to improve the production, quality and safety level of China’s dairy industry, since 2012, the state has implemented the "Action to Revitalize the Development of Alfalfa in Dairy Industry". The central government arranges 300 million yuan each year to support the construction of demonstration plots of high-yield and high-quality alfalfa. The plot construction takes 3,000 mu as a unit, with a one-time subsidy of 1.8 million yuan (600 yuan per mu), which is mainly used to promote improved alfalfa varieties, apply standardized production technology, improve production conditions and strengthen alfalfa quality management. In 2015, we will continue to implement the "Action for Revitalizing the Development of Dairy Alfalfa".
26 fishery diesel subsidy policy
Fishery oil price subsidy is an important policy of supporting fishing and benefiting fishing issued by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, and it is also the biggest national support policy for fisheries at present. In 2015, the state will continue to implement the fishery oil price subsidy policy, and adjust and improve the subsidy methods, so as to coordinate the fishery oil price subsidy policy with industrial policies such as fishery resource protection and industrial structure adjustment, and promote the sustainable and healthy development of fisheries.
27 fishery resources protection subsidy policy
In 2014, 400 million yuan was paid for the transfer project of fishery resources protection and transformation, including 306 million yuan for the proliferation and release of aquatic organisms and 94 million yuan for the construction of marine pasture demonstration areas. In 2015, the project continued to be implemented.
28. Boat-based fishermen’s landing and housing project
Since 2013, the central government has given subsidies to fishermen who take boats as their homes to settle down ashore. Houseless households, D-class households with dangerous houses and temporary houses all receive 20,000 yuan, while C-class households with dangerous houses and existing houses that are not dangerous but have small housing areas all receive 7,500 yuan. The object of subsidy for fishermen who take boats as their homes to settle down on shore is determined according to the long-term operation place. Fishermen registered before December 31, 2010 can be classified as the object of subsidy if they meet at least one of the following conditions: First, they take fishing boats (including residential boats or dual-purpose boats) as their residence for a long time; Second, there are no self-owned houses or dangerous houses, temporary houses, and the housing area is narrow (the per capita area is less than 13 square meters), and it cannot be included in the existing urban housing security and the renovation of rural dangerous houses. The implementation period of the project is 2013-2015. The goal is to achieve the goal of landing and living in three years, improve the living conditions of the fishermen, and promote the ecological environment protection of the waters. In 2013-2014, the central budget has allocated 1 billion yuan to subsidize the boat-based fishermen in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Shandong, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Guangxi, Fujian, Chongqing, Sichuan and other provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities). In 2015, the state continued to implement this policy.
29 marine fishing boat renovation subsidy policy
Since September 2012, the state has allocated more than 4.2 billion yuan for the renovation of marine fishing boats. The renewal and transformation of fishing boats adhere to the principle of fishermen’s voluntariness, focusing on the renewal and elimination of old ships with high energy consumption, and combining the renewal and transformation of fishing boats with regional economic and social development and the transformation of marine fishery production methods to form the ability to work in distant waters. The central investment is subsidized according to the upper limit of 30% of the total investment of each ship, and in principle, it does not exceed the upper limit of the investment subsidy for fishing boats. The central government subsidizes investment in the form of building first and then making up, and allocates it in batches according to the construction progress, and may not be used to repay arrears. The state will no longer approve the construction of bottom trawl, sail net and single-ship large-scale purse seine, which will cause great damage to resources. Ocean-going fishing boats that enjoy the national subsidy policy for renewal and transformation shall not be transferred back to domestic operations; Except for special circumstances such as illness, disability and death of the shipowner, marine fishing boats enjoying the updated subsidy policy shall not be sold within ten years, and those sold shall be returned to the state according to the proportion of state subsidies. In 2015, the project continued to be implemented.
30. Support policies for primary processing of agricultural products.
In 2015, the central government continued to arrange 600 million yuan of transfer payment funds, and adopted the method of "building first and then subsidizing", and implemented a unified national quota subsidy according to the standard of not exceeding 30% of the average construction cost of a single facility, and supported farmers and farmers’ cooperatives to build potato storage pits, fruit and vegetable storage warehouses and drying rooms, and other three categories of 18 specifications of primary processing facilities for agricultural products. The implementation areas are 13 provinces (autonomous regions) including Hebei, Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, Jilin, Fujian, Henan, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia and Xinjiang, and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps.
31. Rural biogas construction policy
In 2015, we will focus on the development of large-scale biogas with market orientation, efficiency as the goal and comprehensive utilization as the means. Large-scale biogas projects are built in areas where the large-scale collection of raw materials is guaranteed, natural gas sources are in short supply, and the demand for users is large. They are mainly used to access the municipal gas pipeline network, provide biogas for vehicles, and supply gas to surrounding industrial and commercial users. Priority is given to large-scale biogas projects with a daily biogas production of more than 10,000 cubic meters. Large-scale biogas projects are mainly matched with large-scale animal husbandry. In areas with developed aquaculture and serious aquaculture pollution, livestock manure is used as raw materials for construction, which is mainly used for farm self-use and power generation. Small and medium-sized biogas projects with centralized gas supply are built in areas with concentrated population and rich raw materials, which are mainly used for centralized gas supply for village residents and new countryside, and promote the construction of beautiful countryside. Encourage biogas professional operators to enter the field of rural biogas construction, and give priority to supporting the PPP (government-social capital cooperation) model. Strengthen the supporting role of science and technology, and encourage the popularization and application of new technologies, new equipment and new achievements such as improving gas production rate and energy saving and efficiency improvement.
32. Carry out the pilot policy of recuperation of agricultural resources.
The first is to carry out comprehensive prevention and control of heavy metal pollution in soil of agricultural products producing areas. Promote the general survey and classified management of soil heavy metal pollution in agricultural production areas nationwide, set up national control points for soil heavy metal monitoring in agricultural production areas, carry out dynamic monitoring and early warning, and establish a long-term mechanism for safety management of agricultural production areas. One-to-one collaborative monitoring of heavy metal pollution in rice producing areas was started in six provinces in southern China. Taking the acid paddy soil producing areas in southern China as the key areas, the demonstration of soil heavy metal pollution control and remediation in agricultural producing areas was carried out. The cultivated land with moderate and light pollution was produced and repaired at the same time. In heavily polluted areas, the pilot division of prohibited production areas was carried out, and reasonable compensation was given to the pilot farmers. Carry out the pilot work of heavy metal contaminated farmland and crop planting structure adjustment in Hunan. The second is to carry out agricultural non-point source pollution control. Establish and improve the national monitoring network for agricultural non-point source pollution, strengthen the construction of demonstration zones for comprehensive prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution in key river basins such as Taihu Lake, Erhai Lake, Chaohu Lake and Three Gorges Reservoir Area, and strive to implement a number of comprehensive control projects in lakes and river basins where agricultural non-point source pollution is serious or sensitive to the environment. In areas with prominent pollution problems such as farming, plastic film and straw, large-scale pollution control of livestock and poultry farming, healthy aquaculture, demonstration of biodegradable film, recovery and regeneration of residual film in farmland, and demonstration of comprehensive utilization of straw will be implemented. Third, actively explore the construction of agricultural ecological compensation mechanism. Further strengthen the pilot work of ecological compensation for the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution in key river basins,Subsidize farmers who adopt environmentally-friendly technologies such as fertilizer and pesticide reduction and pesticide residue degradation, and apply pesticides and biological pesticides with high efficiency, low toxicity and low residue, and encourage farmers to adopt cleaner production methods to control agricultural non-point source pollution from the source.
33. Carry out policies to improve the living environment of villages.
We will promote a new round of contiguous improvement of rural environment, focusing on rural garbage and sewage. Implement unified planning, unified construction and unified management of rural garbage and sewage treatment in counties, and promote the extension of urban garbage and sewage facilities and services to rural areas where conditions permit. Establish a village cleaning system, and implement on-site garbage classification and reduction and resource recycling. Vigorously carry out the construction of ecological clean small watersheds, and promote the comprehensive management of rural rivers in the whole town and village. Promote the scientific separation of large-scale livestock and poultry breeding areas from residential areas, guide the large-scale development of aquaculture, and support the comprehensive management and utilization of livestock manure in large-scale farms. Gradually establish a harmless collection and treatment system for dead animals in rural areas, and accelerate the construction of harmless treatment sites. Reasonably dispose of farmland residual film, pesticide packaging and other wastes, and speed up the construction of waste recycling facilities. Promote rural families to improve toilets and fully complete the task of transforming harmless sanitary toilets. To meet the needs of large-scale production of new agricultural business entities such as large-scale farmers, we will co-ordinate the construction of productive public facilities such as drying yards and agricultural sheds, and rectify the phenomenon of occupying rural roads for drying and stacking. Vigorously promote rural land consolidation and economize on intensive land use.
34. Policy of cultivating new professional farmers
In 2015, the central government allocated 1.1 billion yuan for farmers’ training, continued to vigorously implement the new professional farmers’ training project, carried out key demonstration and training in four provinces, 20 cities and 500 demonstration counties across the country, carried out agricultural skills and business ability training around leading industries, and increased the training and training of large professional households, family farm operators, farmers’ cooperative leaders, agricultural enterprise management personnel, agricultural socialization service personnel and returning migrant workers. At the same time, we will formulate special plans and policies, integrate education and training resources, cultivate 10,000 modern young farmers around the goal of "adjusting the structure and changing the mode", expand the ranks of new professional farmers, and build a cultivation system that integrates education and training, certification management and policy support for new professional farmers, providing human support for the development of modern agriculture and ensuring the successors of agricultural development.
35 basic agricultural extension system reform and construction subsidy project policy
In 2015, the central government arranged 2.6 billion yuan of subsidies for the reform and construction of grass-roots agricultural technology extension system, covering basically all agricultural counties in China. It is mainly used to support the project counties to deepen the reform of the grass-roots agricultural technology extension system, improve the working mechanism with "Bao Cun Lian Hu" as the main form and the service model of "experts+agricultural technicians+technology demonstration households+radiation-driven households", promote the informatization of agricultural technology extension services, improve the means of extension services, promote the special post plan of agricultural technology extension services, supplement the extension talent team, and comprehensively promote the entry of agricultural technology into villages and households.
36. Policy on Training Rural Practical Talents
In 2015, we will continue to carry out demonstration training for rural practical talents leaders and university student village officials, newly set up a number of ministerial-level rural practical talents training bases, and hold more than 180 demonstration training courses based on the training bases to train more than 18,000 rural practical talents and university student village officials, and drive all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities to carry out large-scale rural practical talents training. We will continue to implement the plan of "one million secondary school students" for training rural practical talents, and plan to complete the enrollment scale of more than 70,000 students throughout the year to improve the academic level of rural practical talents. We will continue to carry out pilot projects for the identification of practical talents in rural areas, study and introduce guiding identification standards and supporting policy frameworks, strengthen the management of identification information, and build a scientific and standardized identification system. Organize the implementation of the "Top Ten Farmers in China" project in 2015, and select 10 outstanding new farmers’ representatives engaged in the breeding industry, each of whom will be given 50,000 yuan in financial support.
37. Accelerate the policy of urbanization of agricultural transfer population.
The Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee clearly proposed to promote the citizenization of agricultural transfer population and gradually turn eligible agricultural transfer population into urban residents. Policy measures mainly include three aspects: First, accelerate the reform of the household registration system. We will fully liberalize the restrictions on the settlement of established towns and small cities, orderly liberalize the restrictions on the settlement of medium-sized cities, reasonably determine the conditions for the settlement of large cities, and strictly control the population size of megacities. Establish a unified household registration system in urban and rural areas. Establish a residence permit system, take the residence permit as the carrier, and establish and improve the basic public service provision mechanism linked to the length of residence and other conditions. The second is to expand the coverage of basic public services in cities and towns. Ensure that the children of the agricultural transfer population enjoy the right to education equally. We will provide government-subsidized vocational skills training services for the agricultural transfer population, integrate the agricultural transfer population into the community health and family planning service system, fully integrate farmers who have settled in cities into the urban social security system and urban housing security system, and accelerate the establishment of a social pension service system covering urban and rural areas. The third is to protect the legitimate rights and interests of agricultural transfer population in rural areas. Accelerate the registration and certification of rural land ownership, and protect farmers’ land contractual management rights and homestead use rights according to law. We will promote the reform of the property rights system of rural collective economic organizations and guarantee the collective property rights and income distribution rights of members. Adhere to the principle of voluntary compensation according to law, and guide the agricultural transfer population to transfer the contracted management right of land in an orderly manner. At this stage, it is not allowed to take the withdrawal of land contractual management right, homestead use right and collective income distribution right as the conditions for farmers to settle in cities.
38. Develop rural cooperative financial organizations policy.
In 2015, the state continued to support farmers’ cooperatives and supply and marketing cooperatives to develop rural cooperative finance, and selected some areas to carry out pilot credit cooperation for farmers’ cooperatives, enriching the types of financial institutions in rural areas. The state will promote the development of community-based rural mutual funds organizations, which must adhere to the principle of membership and closure, and insist on not absorbing, storing, lending or paying fixed returns. The state will further improve the management system of rural cooperative financial organizations, clarify the regulatory responsibilities of local governments, encourage local governments to establish risk compensation funds, and effectively prevent financial risks.
39. Financial support for large-scale agricultural production and intensive management policies
In the second half of last year, the relevant state departments issued guiding opinions on financial support for large-scale agricultural production and intensive management, which mainly included: increasing credit input for large-scale agricultural production and intensive management. Incorporate all kinds of agricultural large-scale business entities into the scope of credit evaluation, establish credit files, increase credit lines, support leading enterprises in agricultural industrialization to form large-scale agricultural enterprise groups through mergers, reorganizations, acquisitions, holdings, etc., and rationally use syndicated loans to meet the large capital needs of agricultural large-scale business entities. Focusing on local characteristic agriculture, we will bind up upstream and downstream enterprises, farmers’ cooperatives and farmers, and develop and promote various supply chain financing products such as order financing, chattel pledge, accounts receivable factoring and producer bank. Explore ways to promote the mortgage loan business of agricultural machinery and equipment by means of guarantee or repurchase from manufacturers and suppliers. We will steadily promote the pilot of mortgage loans for rural land contractual management rights, explore new products of mortgage financing business for land management rights, and support agricultural scale operators to develop moderate scale operations through land transfer. Strengthen support for key areas of agricultural large-scale production and intensive management. In terms of industrial projects, we will focus on supporting modern agricultural projects such as agricultural science and technology, modern seed industry, agricultural machinery and equipment manufacturing, facility agriculture, agricultural industrialization, and deep processing of agricultural products. In terms of agricultural infrastructure, we will focus on supporting farmland consolidation, farmland water conservancy, commodity grain and cotton production bases and rural livelihood projects. In the field of agricultural products circulation, we will focus on supporting the construction of wholesale markets, retail markets and warehousing and logistics facilities.
40. Agricultural insurance support policies
At present, there are 15 varieties of agricultural insurance premium subsidies provided by the central government, including corn, rice, wheat, cotton, potato, oil crops, sugar crops, fertile sows, dairy cows, fattening pigs, natural rubber, forests, highland barley, Tibetan sheep, yak, etc. For planting insurance, the central government subsidizes 40% in the central and western regions, 35% in the eastern region, 65% in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, reclamation areas directly under the central government, China Grain Storage North Company and China Agricultural Development Group Company (hereinafter referred to as the central unit), and at least 25% in provincial finance. For the insurance of sows, cows and fattening pigs, the central government subsidizes 50% in the central and western regions, 40% in the eastern regions, 80% in the central units and at least 30% in the local governments. For public welfare forest insurance, the central government subsidizes 50%, the Daxinganling Forestry Group Company subsidizes 90%, and the local finance subsidizes at least 40%; For commercial forest insurance, the central government subsidizes 30%, the Daxinganling Forestry Group Company subsidizes 55%, and the local finance subsidizes at least 25%. The central government’s agricultural insurance premium subsidy policy covers the whole country, and local governments can independently carry out related types of insurance. In 2015, the state will further increase the support for agricultural insurance, increase the proportion of premium subsidies from the central and provincial governments for major grain crop insurance, gradually reduce or cancel the premium subsidies at the county level in major grain-producing counties, and continuously improve the coverage and risk protection level of three major grain varieties insurance; Encourage insurance institutions to carry out insurance for agricultural products with distinctive advantages,Where conditions permit, premium subsidies will be provided, and the central government will support them by means of awards instead of subsidies; Expand the scope and coverage of livestock products and forest insurance; Encourage various forms of mutual assistance and cooperation insurance.
41. Village-level public welfare undertakings discuss the financial reward and compensation policy.
Village-level public welfare undertakings are awarded or subsidized by the government to raise funds and labor for village-level public welfare undertakings. The financial awards and subsidies are mainly arranged by the central and provincial governments and qualified cities and counties. The scope of awards mainly includes the construction of small-scale water conservancy facilities, village roads, sanitation facilities, afforestation and other public welfare undertakings that farmers directly benefit from, giving priority to solving the public welfare construction projects such as hardening of village roads and transformation of village appearance that the masses need most and get the fastest results. Financial awards can be both financial awards and in-kind subsidies. In 2014, the central government allocated 22.8 billion yuan in awards and subsidies, and financial awards and subsidies at all levels exceeded 50 billion yuan, effectively improving farmers’ production and living conditions. In 2015, the state continued to increase the government’s reward and compensation for farmers’ fund-raising and labor-raising, and the ratio of the central government to the government’s reward and compensation funds, further improved the financial reward and compensation mechanism of "one case, one discussion", and further promoted the balanced and orderly development of village-level public welfare undertakings.
42. Policies to support family farm development
In 2015, the relevant state departments will take a series of measures to guide and support the healthy and stable development of family farms, mainly including: launching demonstration family farm creation activities, promoting the implementation of relevant policies such as agricultural construction projects, financial subsidies, tax incentives, credit support, mortgage guarantee, agricultural insurance, land for facilities, etc., increasing the training of family farm operators, and encouraging middle and high schools, especially graduates from agricultural vocational colleges, new farmers and rural practical talents, and returning workers and businessmen to set up family farms. Develop various forms of moderate scale operation. Encourage qualified places to establish a family farm registration system, and clearly identify the standards, registration methods and support policies. Explore the development of family farm statistics and family farm operator training. Promote relevant departments to adopt various methods such as incentives and subsidies to support the healthy development of family farms.
43. Policies to support the development of farmers’ cooperatives
The state encourages rural areas to develop cooperative economy, supports the development of large-scale, professional and modern operations, allows financial project funds to be directly invested in qualified cooperatives, allows assets formed by financial subsidies to be transferred to cooperatives for holding and management, and allows cooperatives to carry out credit cooperation. Guide farmers’ professional cooperatives to broaden their service areas, promote standardized development, implement the annual report publicity system, and further promote the establishment of demonstration cooperatives. In 2014, the central financial support for the development of farmers’ cooperative organizations reached 2 billion yuan, and pilot subsidies for cooperative loan guarantees were carried out in five provinces and cities: Beijing, Jilin, Zhejiang, Hubei and Chongqing. In 2015, in addition to continuing to implement the current support policies, we will further promote the standardized development of cooperatives, start the dynamic monitoring of national demonstration cooperatives, and regard standardized cooperatives, especially demonstration cooperatives, as the focus of policy support and the important undertaker of the national "three rural" construction projects; Guide and urge cooperatives to carry out annual report publicity, timely and accurately submit and publicize information such as production and operation, asset status, etc.; Adhere to the closed membership system, rely on industrial development, and steadily carry out pilot credit cooperation within farmers’ cooperatives in accordance with the principles of internal and external, stock-absorbing and storage-absorbing, and dividend-sharing.
44. Guide industrial and commercial capital to rural areas to develop breeding industry policies suitable for enterprise management.
The Opinions on Strengthening Supervision and Risk Prevention of Industrial and Commercial Capital Leased Farmland jointly issued by the Ministry of Agriculture, the Central Agricultural Office, the Ministry of Land and Resources and the State Administration for Industry and Commerce clearly states that the main purpose of guiding industrial and commercial capital to develop modern breeding industry suitable for enterprise operation in rural areas is to encourage them to focus on developing capital-and technology-intensive industries, engage in processing and circulation of agricultural products and socialized agricultural services, accelerate the transformation and upgrading of traditional agriculture to modern agriculture, and promote the integration of primary, secondary and tertiary industries. Encourage industrial and commercial capital to develop modern breeding and breeding industries suitable for enterprise operation, such as improved seed and seedling breeding, high-standard facility agriculture and large-scale breeding, develop rural "four wastes" resources to develop diversified operations, and invest in land consolidation and high-standard farmland construction. At the same time, when industrial and commercial capital enters agriculture, it should drive farmers to get rich together through various ways, such as linking interests and giving priority to local farmers’ employment, so as not to exclude farmers and replace them, to achieve a reasonable division of labor and mutual benefit, and to let farmers share more value-added benefits of modern agriculture.
45. Develop various forms of moderate scale management policies.
Guide the standardized and orderly circulation of land management rights, innovate land circulation and scale management methods, and actively develop various forms of moderate scale management. Land circulation and moderate scale management must proceed from the national conditions, respect the wishes of farmers, adjust measures to local conditions, step by step, and cannot make the Great Leap Forward or force it. Land circulation should adhere to the collective ownership of rural land, stabilize farmers’ contracting rights, liberalize land management rights, and promote the common development of family management, collective management, cooperative management, enterprise management and other modes of operation on the basis of household contract management; We should adhere to a moderate scale, not only pay attention to improving the scale of land management, but also prevent excessive concentration of land, give consideration to fairness and efficiency, and improve labor productivity, land output rate and resource utilization rate; It is necessary to insist that the market plays a decisive role in resource allocation and give better play to the role of the government, which not only promotes the effective use of land resources, but also ensures orderly and standardized circulation, and focuses on supporting the development of large-scale grain production. Encourage and support the transfer of contracted land to large professional households, family farms and farmers’ cooperatives, and develop various forms of moderate scale operation. All localities should study and determine the appropriate standards for land scale management in their own regions based on natural economic conditions, rural labor transfer, agricultural mechanization level and other factors. Prevent the tendency of being divorced from reality, going against farmers’ wishes and unilaterally pursuing super-large-scale management. At this stage, if the scale of land management is equivalent to 10 to 15 times of the contracted land area per local household and the income from farming is equivalent to the income from local secondary and tertiary industries, key support should be given.
46. Improve the policy of registration and certification of rural land contractual management rights.
In 2014, the central government selected Shandong, Sichuan and Anhui provinces and 27 counties in other provinces to carry out pilot projects, and other provinces steadily expanded the scope of pilot projects in light of actual conditions. According to statistics, by the end of 2014, 1988 counties (cities, districts) across the country had carried out the registration and certification of rural land contractual management rights. According to the arrangement of the central government, we will continue to expand the pilot scope in 2015, and then select nine provinces (autonomous regions) such as Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Gansu, Ningxia, Jilin, Guizhou and Henan to carry out pilot projects throughout the province. Other provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) will expand the overall pilot projects at the county level according to local conditions, increase publicity and guidance, constantly improve and improve policies and systems, and pay close attention to this work.
47. Promote the reform policy of rural collective property rights system.
The key points of rural collective property right system reform in 2015 mainly include: First, in accordance with the requirements of the "Pilot Program of Actively Developing Farmers’ Share Cooperation and Empowering Farmers to Reform Collective Assets Shares" deliberated and adopted by the Central Committee, guide the pilot areas to focus on safeguarding the rights of members of farmers’ collective economic organizations, actively develop farmers’ share cooperation, and give farmers the pilot work in three aspects: possession, income, paid withdrawal, mortgage, guarantee and inheritance rights of collective assets. Second, in accordance with the Opinions on Rural Land Expropriation, Collective Management Construction Land Entering the Market, and Homestead System Reform, which was deliberated and adopted by the Central Committee, guide the pilot areas to focus on improving the rural land expropriation system, establishing the rural collective management construction land entering the market system, reforming and improving the rural homestead system, and establishing a land value-added income distribution mechanism that takes into account the state, the collective and the individual. The third is to implement the Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Guiding the Healthy Development of Rural Property Rights Transfer Trading Market, guide all localities to improve trading rules, improve operating mechanisms, strengthen trading services, implement open transactions, and promote the smooth progress of rural property rights transfer transactions. Fourth, pay close attention to the study and formulation of guiding documents for the reform of rural collective property rights system, further clarify the main objectives and basic principles of the reform, put forward the main tasks of the reform, and study and introduce policies on finance, taxation, finance, land and other aspects to support the reform of property rights system and develop the collective economy.
48. Support policies for the construction of national modern agricultural demonstration zones
Further increase support for the construction of the national modern agricultural demonstration zone, and form a joint force of financial funds, infrastructure investment, financial capital and other funds to support the development of the demonstration zone. First, we will continue to implement the policy of "substituting awards for subsidies", expand the scope of awards and subsidies, and arrange 10 million yuan of "substituting awards for subsidies" for demonstration areas with strong investment integration, practical innovation measures, good development of cooperative organizations, improvement of leading industries and obvious increase of farmers’ income, and support and encourage demonstration areas to accelerate the innovation of agricultural system and mechanism. The second is to arrange 600 million yuan of capital construction investment in the central budget, and increase support for the construction of standard farmland in the demonstration area. The construction investment per mu is not less than 1,500 yuan, including 1,200 yuan from the central government. Third, coordinate and increase financial support for the demonstration area, promote the improvement of the agricultural financing service system in the demonstration area, and strive for the loan balance of China Development Bank, China Agricultural Development Bank, China Postal Savings Bank and other financial institutions for the construction of the demonstration area to be no less than 30 billion yuan this year.
49. Support policies for the construction of rural reform pilot areas
In 2015, the work of the rural reform pilot area will focus on thoroughly implementing the central government’s decision-making arrangements on continuing to deepen rural reform, focusing on starting the second batch of rural reform pilot tasks, deepening the exploration of the first batch of rural reform pilot areas, strengthening the transformation and popularization of the experimental results of rural reform, improving the working mechanism, strengthening system construction, improving management services, and focusing on deepening the rural land system reform, improving the agricultural support and protection system, establishing a modern rural financial system, deepening the reform of rural collective property rights system, and improving the rural governance mechanism.
50. Subsidy policies for the renovation of dilapidated buildings in rural areas and agricultural reclamation areas
The renovation of dilapidated houses in rural areas and dilapidated houses in agricultural reclamation are part of the national affordable housing project. In 2008, the renovation of dilapidated houses in rural areas began to be piloted, and in 2012, all rural areas in the country will be covered. The focus of subsidies is on rural decentralized five-guarantee households, low-income households, poor families with disabilities and other poor households living in dilapidated houses. In 2015, the central subsidy standard for the renovation of dilapidated buildings in rural areas was 7,500 yuan per household. On this basis, 1000 yuan subsidy was increased for each household in poverty-stricken areas, and 2,500 yuan was increased for each household in building energy-saving demonstration households. In terms of task arrangement, we will give priority to poverty-stricken areas such as concentrated contiguous areas with special difficulties and key counties for poverty alleviation and development, and areas with high seismic fortification intensity of 8 degrees or above.
The renovation of dilapidated houses in agricultural reclamation started in 2008, and in 2011, the scope of implementation was extended to the national agricultural reclamation, with the families of agricultural reclamation workers, especially those with low income and difficulties, living in dilapidated houses in the areas under the jurisdiction of the agricultural reclamation as the main assistance targets. In 2015, the state plans to subsidize the renovation of 200,000 dilapidated houses in agricultural reclamation areas. The central subsidy funds will subsidize 6,500 yuan, 7,500 yuan and 9,000 yuan for each household in the eastern, central and western reclamation areas, and 1,200 yuan for the construction of supporting infrastructure such as heating and water supply.
