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　　　　Lao She is a famous modern novelist and dramatist in the literary world. He graduated from Beijing Normal School in 1918 and once taught in primary and secondary schools in Beijing. In 1924, he went to England and taught at the Oriental College of London University. Returning to China in 1930, he served as a professor in cheeloo university and Shandong University successively; During the Anti-Japanese War, he presided over the All-China Association of Literary and Art Circles against the Enemy; After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, he went to the United States to give lectures and write. Laoshe, a native of Beijing, has experienced the ups and downs of Beijing for decades and the changes of the times, and has created a large number of works reflecting Beijing’s social life, such as Camel Xiangzi and Four Generations under One roof. His language is popular, humorous, mellow and powerful, and he is known as the "master of language". His works are well-known, with a strong flavor of life, and are deeply loved by the people. Camel Xiangzi and Teahouse are still playing for a long time on the stage of drama and the screen of film and television.

　　　　When people mention Lao She, they will think of his classic works. Little did they know that Lao She grew from a progressive patriotic writer to a revolutionary people’s artist under the care and influence of Zhou Enlai. The deep friendship between him and Zhou Enlai is widely read in the literary and art circles.

　　　　Go under the anti-Japanese banner

　　　　Zhou Enlai was Lao She’s earliest contact with the Communist Party of China (CPC) leader.

　　　　After the "July 7th Incident", with the Japanese army advancing step by step, Shanghai and Nanjing fell one after another. At that time, 700 or 800 cultural figures retreated to Wuhan from all over the country. At that time, Zhou Enlai was carrying out anti-Japanese national united front work in Wuhan, and implementing the second cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party.

　　　　In order to make the intellectuals gathered in Wuhan unite more closely and resist Japan with greater strength, Zhou Enlai instructed the Communist party member Yang Hansheng and others to prepare and organize an all-China literary and art anti-enemy association. At the end of 1937, Yang Hansheng first organized a "Literary Association" in propose to create in his own name, which immediately received enthusiastic response from all sides. Just at this time, Lao She also came to Wuhan. After Zhou Enlai, Wang Ming and General Feng Yuxiang discussed together, they are going to invite Lao She to preside over the work of "Literary Association". Although Lao She had no connection with the Communist Party of China (CPC) before, he was a famous writer with great sense of justice and patriotism. After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, he declared: "I am not the Kuomintang, nor communist party. I will go with whoever really fights against Japan, and I am an anti-Japanese faction."

　　　　After more than a month of intense preparations, on March 27, 1938, the All-China Anti-Enemy Association of Literary and Art Circles was formally established. Lao She was elected as the executive director and director of the General Affairs Department of the Literary Association (because the Literary Association does not have a chairman and president, the director of the General Affairs Department actually bears the overall responsibility, representing the Literary Association externally and meeting with the domestic prime minister), and Zhou Enlai was elected as the honorary director of the Literary Association. From then on, for a common goal, Zhou Enlai’s contacts with Lao She gradually increased. They cooperated sincerely and respected each other, and carried out their work in a colorful way.

　　　　Zhou Enlai led many aspects of work in the Kuomintang-ruled areas, shouldering heavy responsibilities and busy work, but he still often took time out to come to the "Literary Association" to meet and talk with everyone, understand the situation, and give concrete guidance and help to the work of the "Literary Association". Every time he comes, he will "make people feel warm and draw strength from it" (Lao She’s language).

　　　　In May, 1938, the "Literary Association" held the second Council, and Zhou Enlai was invited to attend. The meeting was warm and fruitful. In his conference report, Lao She gave a wonderful account of the scene at that time. He wrote: "… it’s Mr. Zhou Enlai’s turn to speak. He is very happy to sit and eat with so many literati, not just for the sake of eating, but for everyone to work together so intimately and with such concerted efforts. He said that we must try to get some money for the Literary Association, so that everyone can write more articles and make the conference more developed. Finally (with tears in his eyes), he said that he would be excused, because the old father will arrive in Hankou at ten o’clock tonight! (Applause) Violent enemy forces us to suffer losses and misfortune. Violent enemy forces my old father to come to the south, and life and death are all due to the aggression of violent enemy, but life and death have strengthened our unity. "

　　　　Zhou Enlai’s sincere emotional contagion impressed everyone present. Lao She further learned that Zhou Enlai is not only an outstanding, patriotic and charismatic leader of the Communist Party of China, but also a passionate man with flesh and blood, full of emotion and great appeal.

　　　　Lao She’s wife Hu? Qing later recalled: "During this period, although Lao She was still wandering in the fog, he was deeply proud of knowing such an outstanding proletarian revolutionary with a patriotic and sincere heart."

　　　　Through many cordial contacts with Zhou Enlai, Lao She gradually deepened her understanding of the Communist Party of China (CPC), and finally "became a loyal and reliable friend of communist party" without hesitation and conviction. He once said with emotion, "This is communist party, nothing else. Is selfless, for the country and for the people! Enthusiastic attention to everyone, eyes everywhere! "

　　　　Under the influence of Zhou Enlai, Lao She made the work of "Literary Association" fruitful. Later, the "Literary Association" was further developed, with branches all over the country and many activities, which lasted until the victory of the Anti-Japanese War and became the predecessor of the National Literary Federation and the National Writers Association. It made two historical contributions to the victory of the China Revolution: First, it united a large number of patriotic cultural figures. The Anti-Japanese War was one of the best periods for China literati to unite in history. The second is to make literature popular and popular. When the "Literary Association" held its inaugural meeting, the slogan hanging on the streets of Wuhan was "Articles Join the Army, Articles Go to the Countryside". It should be said that these two slogans have greatly influenced the trend of China literature since then. There is nothing but the painstaking efforts of Zhou Enlai and Lao She.

　　　　Recall for the motherland

　　　　After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Lao She and Cao Yu accepted the official invitation of the United States to give lectures in the United States, engaged in cultural exchanges between the two countries, and kept on writing. After the expiration of one year, the civil war broke out in China, and Lao She stayed in the United States. During this period, Zhou Enlai has been trying his best to achieve domestic peace, and then he planned and dispatched troops to defeat the Kuomintang reactionaries.

　　　　In spite of this, Zhou Enlai has never forgotten Lao She, a literary giant who made great efforts for the Anti-Japanese War. In 1949, when Beiping was peacefully liberated and the national literary and artistic workers were reunited, Zhou Enlai first thought of Lao She, who lived abroad. He knows Lao She’s yearning and yearning for the new China, and his pain and depression in a foreign country.

　　　　On July 6, 1949, the National Congress of Literary and Art Workers was held in Beijing. At the meeting, Zhou Enlai said with deep emotion to the gathered writers: "Now Mr. Lao She is the only one, so please ask him to return to China anyway."

　　　　After a lapse of three months, Lao She, who was in new york, received a personal letter from Zhou Enlai inviting him to return home, which made Lao She overjoyed. Regardless of his weakness after the operation, he quietly prepared to return to China. On December 12, 1949, Lao She overcame many difficulties and finally returned to his long-lost motherland, missing day and night, and began a new page in his life.

　　　　The day after his arrival in Beijing, Lao She went to visit Zhou Enlai, accompanied by Yang Hansheng, regardless of the fatigue of the journey. I haven’t seen you for years. The two reunited old friends shook hands as soon as they met and refused to let go for a long time.

　　　　After returning to Beijing, facing a brand-new world, Lao She was filled with joy and passion. He obeyed Zhou Enlai’s orders, except to visit his old friends, and he was immersed in reading and writing. After reading Mao Zedong’s Speech at Yan ‘an Forum on Literature and Art, he realized that to be an artist, he must serve the workers, peasants and soldiers and the people. Zhou Enlai also mentioned this on the day he talked with himself. As a writer of the old times, if he wants to write about the new era and new life, and he doesn’t have enough ideological reform and experience of the new social life, if he writes rashly, he will make mistakes. Later, when talking about the feelings of this period, Lao She said: "In the past, I could rely on’ inspiration’, with a wave of my pen, and I only wanted to be happy for a while, but I was irresponsible to readers. Now, I am responsible for political thoughts and readers. Being eager for success will make me give up from disappointment. "

　　　　New works are multiplied in concern.

　　　　Zhou Enlai loves literature and art and has a high literary and artistic accomplishment. Zhou Enlai has seen almost all the plays written by Lao She, not only watching them, but also helping to give advice and help to modify them, and some even directly participated in the creation from beginning to end. Lao She admired Zhou Enlai’s noble character, noble sentiment, outstanding talent and extraordinary ability, and he drew infinite strength from this mentor.

　　　　In May 1950, Zhou Enlai attended the inaugural meeting of the Beijing Federation of Literary and Artistic Workers. At the meeting, Lao She was elected as the chairman of Beijing Federation of Literary and Art Circles. Lao She is very familiar with all aspects of Beijing society. He knows everything that his eyes can see, his ears can hear and his nose can smell, especially the dark side of old Beijing.

　　　　At noon on July 24th, Zhou Enlai hosted a banquet for Lao She, encouraging him to create more works for the people, and to write more about his familiar Beijing and its changes. Zhou Enlai is very concerned about Lao She’s creative plan. Lao She told Zhou Enlai that he was going to write a drama about the changes of Longxugou, praising Chairman Mao, communist party and the new government by comparing the old and new society. Zhou Enlai was very happy to hear that. When Lao She said that he had made an appointment to go to Longxugou for a field interview the next day, Zhou Enlai repeatedly said, "Yes, yes, I must go and wait to see your new play."

　　　　Laoshe’s drama Longxugou reflects the change of a slum in the southern suburbs of Beijing, which is an indictment of the old society and a praise of the new society. After the script of "Longxugou" was written, when it was about to be staged, some people had concerns. First, it was fashionable to play foreign dramas at that time, and it was afraid that playing "Longxugou" would not suit people’s interests; Second, at the time of resisting U.S. aggression and aiding Korea, the performance of Longxugou was afraid of being divorced from reality. Zhou Enlai did not agree with this view. He thought Longxugou was of great practical significance and was of great benefit to establishing the prestige of the new regime. Not surprisingly, Zhou Enlai expected that "Longxugou" was very popular with the audience after it was staged, and it was popular all over the country for a time. Lao She also won the honorary title of "People’s Artist". Zhou Enlai not only enjoyed the play Longxugou himself, but also recommended this excellent work to Mao Zedong. One night in the spring of 1951, Mao Zedong and other party leaders watched the performance of Longxugou in Huairentang, Zhongnanhai.

　　　　In the fresh and warm atmosphere of new China, Lao She was inspired by many works, and his artistic talent was fully exerted. In the process of his creation, Zhou Enlai has always given him enthusiastic attention. He encouraged Lao She to write more familiar things, and gave specific guidance from the creation plan to the creation content. Whenever a new play by Lao She is staged, Zhou Enlai always takes time out of his busy schedule to watch it, and puts forward many pertinent opinions from the script to the performance.

　　　　Lao She was constantly guided by Zhou Enlai, especially when he created political works that he was not familiar with. When Lao She wrote the script Chun Hua Qiu Shi, he felt that it was very difficult to write because he was unfamiliar with the social class described, and he could not grasp it easily. To this end, Zhou Enlai helped him to analyze and find out the problems one by one, and they often discussed them until late at night.

　　　　Chun Hua Qiu Shi reflects the duality of China’s national bourgeoisie under socialist conditions. Zhou Enlai explained the Party’s policy towards the national bourgeoisie to Lao She in detail, and pointed out that we should not ignore the capitalist’s willingness to accept transformation after struggle under the socialist system because we emphasized the struggle and restriction on capitalists. He also reminded Lao She that the play must not be turned into political propaganda. He hoped that Lao She would write according to his own style and use humorous language tricks that he was good at. He said that what the masses need is a play of flesh and blood, a real work of art.

　　　　Zhou Enlai also often reminds and encourages Lao She to make new writing plans. It is often heard that Lao She said to the comrades in the theater, "The Prime Minister has given me a new topic again." Often this will lead to a new drama. It can be said that the birth of each of Lao She’s works is permeated with Zhou Enlai’s painstaking efforts.

　　　　Among Lao She’s later plays, Zhou Enlai admired Teahouse the most. He especially appreciated the first act, thinking that the plot was moving, the performance was wonderful and the artistic appeal was strong. He said that the younger generation should be shown Teahouse to let them know the darkness of the world in old China. He believes that young people should have an image of the old society, and it is not enough to rely on reason. A few years later, Zhou Enlai watched Teahouse again. After the break, he invited Lao She and the actors together to bring up the issue of educating young people. He said that the play should give young people an inspiration: ask them to think about what is the driving force of history and who is the hero of history. Although the script was later revised to add scenes of student movements, Zhou Enlai felt that it was not ideal. He said that it is still worth studying what events to choose as a typical stage in modern history, and he especially hopes that Lao She will carefully consider it. Unfortunately, neither of them cared about it later.

　　　　Zhou Enlai not only knows Lao She’s inner world very well, but also his personality characteristics are very clear.

　　　　On one occasion, Zhou Enlai held a symposium on cultural work in Ziguangge, Zhongnanhai. At the meeting, Lao She talked about his desire to live in Shihezi Junken Farm in Xinjiang for a few days and experience life. Out of concern for his health, Zhou Enlai immediately chimed in and said, "You are old, your legs and feet are inconvenient, and the conditions in the border areas are more difficult, so you are afraid that you will not adapt. You don’t have to run so far to experience life. You can choose a place closer, or you can’t kneel down. It is also a way to take a quick look. " When the words were spoken, Zhou Enlai immediately felt that he had interrupted Lao She’s words and immediately apologized: "Oh, I interrupted your speech. I’m sorry, please go on." Lao She glanced at Zhou Enlai, raised his voice and said with a smile, "I’ve finished talking to you, what else can I say!" In a word, everyone laughed.

　　　　Zhou Enlai and Lao She are always honest with each other. When he hosted a banquet for a Korean friend, Lao She was so drunk that he was unconscious. When Zhou Enlai found out, he criticized him rudely. As soon as Lao She got home, he said to his wife, "I got a good criticism today." Since then, Lao She has never been drunk. Of course, there are also times when Lao She "will" Zhou Enlai. At a meeting of the National People’s Congress, Lao She took the stage and spoke bluntly, saying that too many meetings were a disaster, which squeezed the writing time and asked him to be relieved of his social part-time job, so that he could calm down and write more scripts. Zhou Enlai later said at a meeting of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference: "Comrade Lao She once gave me an army at the National People’s Congress and asked him to arrange some time for business. We should take care of these comrades and don’t be too nervous. "

　　　　Zhou Enlai’s association with Lao She is also reflected in his meticulous care in life. Zhou Enlai frequented Lao She’s residence "Dan Persimmon Yard" to talk about creation and life with him. One afternoon in 1959, Zhou Enlai just arrived at Lao She’s yard and asked Lao She’s wife Hu? Qing: "How is Mr. Lao She recently?" Danghu? When Qing told Zhou Enlai that she had suffered from a severe bronchitis the other day, Zhou Enlai immediately asked her to talk about the situation in detail and asked, "Has Lao She been in the hospital? Are you cured now? ….. "After hearing hu? After Qing’s answer, Zhou Enlai said, "I’m going to criticize you now. Why didn’t you report this to me?" Hu? Qing embarrassedly admitted that she didn’t think of it. Zhou Enlai then said very seriously: "In the future, no matter what illness the old man is willing to give up, you should report to me immediately." Then, Zhou Enlai walked into the room and talked with Lao She. Both of them are talkative people, and Lao She is full of anecdotes, which is playful and funny. On that day, they seemed to have endless words, and they were still in the mood at dinner.

　　　　After a while, Zhou Enlai shouted Hu? Green’s name, crying hungry, went down to the kitchen to find food in person. Lao She and his wife had long wanted to invite Zhou Enlai to dinner, but they were unprepared at the moment and couldn’t come up with anything to entertain them. Now they are embarrassed to see Zhou Enlai looking for food. When Zhou Enlai saw this situation, he quickly said, "You don’t have to prepare specially. I will eat whatever you eat." Say that finish, he continued to talk with Lao She. Not long after, Hu? Qing hurriedly served a plate of scrambled eggs and a plate of dried fish. Zhou Enlai was happy at first sight and smiled at Hu? Qing said, "Like Xiao Chao, you are an intellectual and you are not good at cooking."

　　　　Zhou Enlai’s meticulous care and help made Lao She deeply moved and turned it into a driving force for progress. From the founding of New China to the outbreak of the "Cultural Revolution", Lao She achieved fruitful results in his creation and made gratifying achievements in publishing 21 plays. Among them, Camel Xiangzi, Teahouse and Longxugou are famous in China’s modern literary world for their unique features and high artistic value.

　　　　Sad memory, friendship lasts forever

　　　　As Lao She eulogized the Communist Party of China (CPC) heartily, eulogized the people’s new life and prepared to contribute more spiritual food to the people, a sudden storm swept through and threw him into the abyss.

　　　　In the first few months of the "Cultural Revolution", Lao She was dragged by the Red Guards to attend one criticism meeting after another. He was charged with "reaction" and advocated the restoration of capitalism …

　　　　About August 24, 1966, Lao She couldn’t bear the inhuman insult and torture, so he threw himself into the lake in anger and fought to death. When Lao She was insulted by her personality and was extremely indignant, Zhou Enlai was the first thing that came to mind. The only sentence he left was "The Prime Minister knows me best, and the Prime Minister knows me best …"

　　　　Unfortunately, at this time, Zhou Enlai was busy coping with and dealing with all kinds of thorny problems brought about by this "storm" that even he didn’t expect, and he was unable to stop the tragedy.

　　　　When Zhou Enlai learned the news of Lao She’s disappearance, he was worried and sent someone to look around. Zhou Enlai was shocked and indignant when he learned the bad news of Lao She’s death. He once stamped his feet in front of the staff around him and said, "How can I explain to the society after getting Mr. Lao She to this place?" He immediately instructed the relevant departments to investigate. However, what Zhou Enlai has done is too late after all. Lao She has thrown himself into Taiping Lake in the northern suburbs with full of doubts and anger. Zhou Enlai cone heart to cry, shock, guilt, regret, indignation … all coming to him, he can’t help but ponder: Why? Why?

　　　　After Lao She’s accident, Zhou Enlai immediately worried about Lao She’s wife Hu? Green’s mood and safety. He asked Wang Kunlun, vice mayor of Beijing, to visit Hu on his behalf. Green, and ask Wang Kunlun to learn more about Hu? Green’s situation.

　　　　In the days to come, every once in a while, Hu? The imprisonment around Qing was removed. The first thing to unfreeze is Lao She’s contribution deposit. The bank was ordered to inform Hu? Qing said that the money can be freely controlled by her and her children. Hu? Green know, it is Zhou Enlai that giant hand in quietly moving all this, do both clever and expressionless. She was moved to tears.

　　　　In the next few years, the situation became even more difficult to control. Zhou Enlai was always in trouble, and it was too late to rehabilitate Lao She. However, he tried his best to break through all kinds of obstacles and protect a large number of outstanding talents on the literary and art front.

　　　　In the late period of the "Cultural Revolution", when Zhou Enlai was seriously ill and admitted to the hospital for treatment, he never forgot his old friend. He chose the anniversary of Lao She’s death, that is, August 24th, and came to Beihai Lake with a heavy heart to solemnly mourn the soul of Lao She.

　　　　Zhou Enlai looked at the clear water in front of him with a dignified look, lost in thought, and bowed his head for a long time. Suddenly, he asked the medical staff accompanying him for a walk by the lake, "Do you know what day it is today?" The medical staff replied that they didn’t know.

　　　　Zhou Enlai looked serious and lamented in a low voice for a long time: "Today is the memorial day of Mr. Lao She!" After a little hesitation, Zhou Enlai asked again, "Do you know how he died?" The medical staff replied: "I have heard about it, but I don’t know …"

　　　　"I know!" Zhou Enlai said firmly, "I’ll tell you in detail." ……

　　　　During the long silence, Zhou Enlai lamented the loss of an excellent people’s artist in New China, or was he deeply saddened by his failure to fulfill his responsibility of protection? These ingredients seem to be there, but, "one thing seems to be certain, his thoughts have flown back to his old friend Laoshe (in Shu Yi, the son of Lao She)."

　　　　On June 3rd, 1978, two and a half years after Zhou Enlai’s death, friends from the literary and art circles in Beijing and the whole country held a grand symbolic ceremony for Lao She to lay her ashes. Mao Dun, chairman of the Chinese Writers Association, said in his eulogy: "Mr. Lao She is a famous patriotic writer … His works have been warmly welcomed and loved by the people and enjoyed a high reputation at home and abroad." Ba Jin, a famous novelist, published an article in the newspaper, praising Lao She as a model of China intellectuals. Ba Jin said: "I am really ashamed of not being able to save him, and I am ashamed of my generation."

　　　　That day, Deng Yingchao came very early. She held Hu? Green’s hand, the first sentence is: "If En Lai is still alive, he will come first today!" " Deng Yingchao also said: "The Prime Minister often mentioned Lao She’s name before his death, and he missed Lao She very much. ….. I also came here in advance on purpose today, in order to attend Lao She’s memorial service on behalf of En, and to salute him. " (An Yuying Meng Hong)

Editor: Fan Jing

　　The definition of mild diseases was introduced for the first time in the revision of relevant codes in critical illness insurance, and three core diseases, namely malignant tumor, acute myocardial infarction and sequelae of stroke, were divided into two levels according to their severity. In addition, from the perspective of protecting the interests of consumers, this revision has particularly optimized the risk margin. From the price point of view, for mainstream critical illness insurance products, under the premise of the same guarantee responsibility, the price of critical illness insurance products will drop slightly; For regular critical illness insurance products, the prices of some age groups will drop significantly.

　　Recently, insurance association of china and the Chinese Medical Doctor Association issued the Standard for the Use of critical illness insurance’s Disease Definition (Revised Edition in 2020), the Chinese Actuaries Association issued the Experience Incidence Table of Major Diseases in China’s Life Insurance Industry (2020), and China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, China issued the Notice on Relevant Matters Concerning the Use of the Experience Incidence Table of Major Diseases in China’s Life Insurance Industry (2020). At this point, the relevant specifications of critical illness insurance, which the industry has been concerned about, have been revised.

　　Statistics show that from 2007 to 2018 alone, critical illness insurance provided consumers with more than 3,000 products, covering nearly 200 million person-times, paying about 1.8 million person-times and paying more than 100 billion yuan. At present, critical illness insurance accounts for nearly 60% of the total premium of health insurance business, and the revision of relevant regulatory documents has a far-reaching impact on the development of life insurance industry.

　　The definition of mild diseases was introduced for the first time.

　　Jia Biao, deputy director of the Personal Insurance Department of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, China, said that critical illness insurance is an important type of insurance in China, and whether the definition of disease is scientific and reasonable is the core of the product protection responsibility of critical illness insurance.

　　The definition of mild diseases was introduced for the first time in the revision of relevant codes in critical illness insurance, and three core diseases, namely malignant tumor, acute myocardial infarction and sequelae of stroke, were divided into two levels according to their severity.

　　The relevant person in charge of insurance association of china said that through scientific classification, on the one hand, it has fully adapted to the development of medical diagnosis and treatment technology, and some diseases that used to be serious diseases, but currently have low medical expenses and good prognosis, are clearly defined as mild diseases, making the compensation standard more scientific and reasonable; On the other hand, it also adapts to the reality of critical illness insurance market development, and has formulated clear industry standards for mild diseases that are common in the market at present, so as to standardize market behavior.

　　In terms of the number of diseases and the scope of protection, the original definition of 25 serious diseases was improved and expanded to 28 serious diseases and 3 mild diseases, and the scope of protection was moderately expanded. Three kinds of severe diseases were added, namely severe chronic respiratory failure, severe Crohn’s disease and severe ulcerative colitis. At the same time, three definitions of mild diseases have been added to the scientific classification of three core serious diseases: malignant tumor, acute myocardial infarction and sequelae of stroke. Previously, the industry was more concerned about whether thyroid cancer would be excluded from the scope of critical illness protection, and a final conclusion was reached after the release of the new standard. This revision did not exclude thyroid cancer, but graded it according to the severity of the disease and paid it according to the severity.

　　According to the new standard, according to the severity of the disease, the expenses of diagnosis and treatment and the prognosis, the upper limit of the amount of insurance for mild illness is determined to be 30%. The insurance company shall reasonably set the corresponding insurance amount for minor diseases that are newly added in the critical illness insurance products.

　　According to the latest medical progress, the new standard also expanded the coverage of 8 diseases including major organ transplantation, coronary artery bypass grafting, heart valve surgery and aortic surgery, and improved and optimized the definitions of 7 diseases including severe chronic renal failure.

　　In addition, regarding whether cancer in situ is included in the scope of critical illness protection, after comprehensive consideration, this revision will not include cancer in situ for the time being. However, on the basis of diseases specified in the new regulations, insurance companies can add the responsibility of cancer protection in situ in critical illness insurance products to meet the diversified insurance protection needs of consumers.

　　Xing Wei, president of insurance association of china, said that after the implementation of the new regulations, insurance companies should further strengthen industry self-discipline, provide good customer service and ensure the smooth and orderly development of their business. At the same time, we will continue to strengthen cooperation with the National Health and Wellness Commission and the Chinese Medical Doctor Association, and explore the establishment and improvement of a long-term working mechanism for defining and standardizing serious diseases.

　　The revision of the list of serious diseases has laid a solid foundation.

　　If the revision of the definition of critical illness insurance disease gives consumers a new understanding of major diseases, then the revision of the new version of critical illness table provides an important information standard for insurance companies to design new products.

　　For the first time, the revision of the critical illness table has realized that data information covers all life insurance companies, all critical illness insurance products, all business links of underwriting and underwriting claims, and all historical data from the advent of critical illness insurance products to the end of 2018. A total of about 2,900 disease insurance products were sorted out, 160 diseases were extracted, nearly 400 million underwriting data and 5.87 million claims data were collected, and manual supplementary records were implemented for about 750,000 claims with incomplete information. In addition, the Chinese Actuaries Association also made full use of new technologies such as artificial intelligence, new methods such as machine learning model and new tools such as automatic cleaning of claims texts, and completed the classification of claims texts of more than 5 million claims cases, as well as the subdivision of claims for 105 serious diseases, 55 mild diseases, 26 cancer sites and 80 causes of death, and formed technologies and application tools that can be directly exported to the outside industry.

　　It is worth mentioning that in this revision, the exclusive reference table of the total experience incidence rate of diseases in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area under the 2020 edition definition specification was compiled for the first time, which plays an important role in the innovative development of exclusive products in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. For the first time, the reference table of the incidence of two representative sexually transmitted diseases of the elderly under the 2020 version of the definition specification was compiled, which created a precedent for the research and analysis of the incidence of serious illness experience of the elderly, and was of great significance to the innovation and supply of exclusive insurance products for the elderly.

　　Li Jinsong, deputy secretary-general of China Actuaries Association, said that the release of the revised list of critical illness is an important measure for the insurance industry to implement the important spirit of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, strengthen the infrastructure construction of the insurance industry, structural reform of the supply side of service finance, and prevent and resolve financial risks. It is also an important measure for implementing the strategic deployment of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on the construction of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, "Healthy China 2030" and promoting the development of aged care services, which is of great significance in promoting the high-quality development of the insurance industry, adhering to long-term stable operation, and protecting consumers’ rights and interests.

　　In the next step, under the guidance of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, China, China Actuaries Association will further play the role of professional platform, gather the strength of the whole industry, explore the establishment of a long-term working mechanism for dynamic adjustment of critical illness tables, and better serve the development of health insurance industry.

　　There will be new changes in the pricing of new products

　　Faced with the revised new specification and the new version of critical illness table, consumers are most concerned about what changes will be brought by critical illness insurance products.

　　According to Jia Biao, the transition period of critical illness insurance products is from the date of publication to January 31, 2021. After the transition period, companies are not allowed to continue to sell critical illness insurance products developed based on the old specifications. This means that before the end of the transition period, products that have passed the filing can continue to be sold, and new products will also be listed for sale if they pass the filing. However, insurance companies may upgrade or stop selling old products one after another based on multiple factors such as rates and prices.

　　The reporter consulted a number of life insurance companies and learned that after the relevant regulatory documents were released for comments, various insurance companies have started the calculation and adjustment of critical illness insurance products. With the release of the new regulations, new products will be submitted to the regulatory authorities for the record, and will be listed for sale after passing. In this regard, Jia Biao said that China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission requires insurance companies to develop critical illness insurance products that meet the requirements of the new regulations. Companies should also strengthen sales management, and it is strictly forbidden to mislead sales by switching between new and old norms, and it is strictly forbidden to stop selling by speculation.

　　Regarding the price of new products that consumers are generally concerned about, the relevant person in charge of the China Association of Actuaries said that there are many factors that affect the price of critical illness insurance products, including guarantee responsibility, interest rate, expense rate, and the incidence of serious illness. Different products have different sensitivities to various factors, and the incidence of serious illness is one of the important factors. From the perspective of protecting the interests of consumers, this revision has particularly optimized the risk margin. From the price point of view, for mainstream critical illness insurance products, under the premise of the same guarantee responsibility, the price of critical illness insurance products will drop slightly; For regular critical illness insurance products, the prices of some age groups will drop significantly. (Economic Daily China Economic Net reporter Yu Yong Li Chenyang)

　　On the occasion of the 10th anniversary of the "Belt and Road Initiative", China-Europe trains are moving towards a mature channel, but they are also facing new challenges.

　　In the past ten years, China-Europe trains have operated a total of 77,000 trains, transported 7.31 million TEUs, and the value of goods exceeded 340 billion US dollars, reaching 217 cities in 25 European countries, becoming an important bridge for international economic and trade cooperation.

　　Recently, the China-Europe International Cooperation Forum (hereinafter referred to as the "Forum") was held in Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province. Cong Liang, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission, delivered a speech at the forum and gave the above data.

　　However, at the same time of rapid growth, changes in foreign trade structure and the impact of falling shipping prices have brought new challenges to China-Europe trains, and topics such as local subsidies have once again attracted attention.

　　The bank has a large scale and a wide range.

　　Wang Guowen, director of the Institute of Logistics and Supply Chain Management of China (Shenzhen) Research Institute for Comprehensive Development, told CBN that the above data showed that the China-Europe train operation was large in scale and wide in scope, which played an important role in maintaining the stability of the industrial chain and supply chain and communicating the trade between Europe and Asia, especially during the epidemic.

　　According to the data of the China-Europe train portal launched on the opening day of the forum, since 2023, there have been 3,327 freight trains in Alashankou, 2,317 in Horgos, 3,276 in Manzhouli, 2,152 in Erlian, 562 in Suifenhe and 4 in Jiangbei, and the overall number is on the rise.

　　Not only that, but the role of several major assembly centers in China-Europe trains has also become increasingly apparent. From January to June this year, China-Europe trains (Chengdu-Chongqing) started 2732 trains, up 29.6% year-on-year; Goods transported exceeded 220,000 TEUs, up 24% year-on-year, ranking first in China. In the first half of the year, China-Europe Chang ‘an operated 2619 trains, an increase of 46.2% over the same period of last year. The total cargo transported was 2.493 million tons, an increase of 64.1% over the same period of last year.

　　Moreover, the operating efficiency of the train is gradually improving. As of September 15th, the China-Europe train has opened five routes, with a total of 80 trains, including Xi ‘an to Duisburg every Wednesday and Saturday, Chengdu to Lodz every Saturday, Duisburg to Xi ‘an every Tuesday and Lodz to Chengdu every Thursday.

　　Compared with ordinary trains, the running time of European trains in the whole timetable is reduced by more than 30% on average, which provides more stable and high-quality train products, which injects new kinetic energy into ensuring the safety of international supply chain, smoothing the domestic and international double circulation and promoting the trade between Asia and Europe, and also marks that the high-quality development of Chinese-European trains has entered a new stage.

　　This forum has gone further on the basis of 10 years. According to Xinhua News Agency, the forum has achieved 48 cooperation achievements, including launching the China-Europe train portal, publishing the whole schedule of China-Europe trains, implementing the electronic bill of lading for China-Europe train multimodal transport, implementing the capacity expansion and reconstruction project of key railway ports and rear passages of China-Europe trains, and increasing the traction capacity of China-Europe trains.

　　Not only that, Wang Guowen said that the traffic volume of the southern line is increasing significantly on the main channel of China-Europe trains. If the China-Kyrgyzstan-Urumqi Railway is completed and opened to traffic, the pattern of the "Belt and Road" and China-Europe trains will also change. We have countermeasures on the North-Central-South Line to form a more balanced channel development.

　　Facing new challenges

　　While the trains in Central Europe are still growing rapidly, their structure is also changing, and the trains going to Russia are growing rapidly.

　　Tang Tingting, assistant general manager of Sichuan New Silk Road Multimodal Transport Co., Ltd., told CBN that in the past, the business of the company’s European and Russian lines was about 80:20, but now it is 30:70, and the Russian line business is the main one. As a whole, China-Europe trains are mainly large-scale direct passengers and customized trains on some train platforms.

　　Wang Guowen said that the structural changes that China-Europe trains are facing are on the one hand due to the decline in global trade, which is mainly due to the decline in consumer demand in Europe and the United States, but the impact on China-Europe trains is not as obvious as that on shipping, because the proportion of China-Europe trains in global trade is not high, and it is not affected by the shrinking global trade demand, and it has little impact on the middle and high-end value goods transported by China-Europe trains.

　　He said that the structural changes in China-Europe trains are mainly due to the changes in the Sino-Russian trade structure after the conflict between Russia and Ukraine. Originally, oil and gas and other commodities were mainly transported through pipelines, but now grain, fertilizers and various commodities are growing rapidly, which are suitable for railway transportation.

　　According to statistics released by the General Administration of Customs of China on September 7th, the trade volume between China and Russia increased by 32% from January to August 2023, reaching US$ 155.101 billion. It is estimated that the trade volume between the two countries is expected to reach 200 billion US dollars in 2023, which is one year ahead of the target set by China and Russia to reach 200 billion US dollars in 2024.

　　However, Wang Guowen believes that from the growth of the southern line, there is still a high demand for trains in Europe, and the future pattern depends on the construction progress of the southern line.

　　Not only that, after experiencing high growth under the epidemic, China-Europe trains are also facing new challenges.

　　Tang Tingting said that now all platform companies are lowering the booking price, and the profits of freight forwarding companies have returned to the pre-epidemic level, or even increased. Generally speaking, the general feeling in the industry at present is that the enterprises engaged in China-Europe train transportation have felt greater pressure.

　　In addition to the uncertainty brought by regional conflicts to the smooth operation of the trains, Tang Tingting said that the phenomenon of consumption degradation in Europe and the United States is obvious, and the pressure on foreign trade exports at the front end has increased, which in turn has increased their pressure. The structure of railway transport goods has changed, the shipments of traditional manufacturing industries have decreased, and the shipments of automobiles and parts have increased. But for small and medium-sized logistics and freight forwarding companies, it is more difficult to get orders.

　　At the same time, the impact of shipping prices on China-Europe trains is becoming more and more obvious. Tang Tingting said that the price of shipping has dropped again and again, and many small and medium-sized shipping companies have opened direct ships to Russia, and the price is also very advantageous. For example, the direct shipping to St. Petersburg is below $4,000, which has a great impact on railway transportation.

　　In this situation, the problem of local government subsidies has surfaced again. In the early stage of channel development, local governments provide certain financial subsidies, which plays a positive role in cultivating the market. Since then, the Ministry of Finance has asked local subsidies to gradually decline. However, now that the shipping price has dropped and the price gap has appeared again, local subsidies have once again attracted attention when competing for goods.

　　In April last year, the Chongqing Municipal Finance Bureau said in response to the NPC deputies’ suggestions that at present, Shapingba District’s subsidy funds for China-Europe trains (Chongqing New Europe) are about 800 million yuan per year, mainly from the municipal cash logistics park’s tax and land leasing subsidies. In 2019, 2020 and 2021, the city’s subsidy funds for logistics parks are about 5 billion yuan, which can fully cover the district-level demand for subsidies for China-Europe trains. At the same time, Chongqing’s subsidy to Central European trains (Chongqing New Europe) is calculated according to the cost and freight rate of train operation. With the deepening of market-oriented operation, the freight rate will increase accordingly, and the total subsidy expenditure will gradually decrease, and the share undertaken by Shapingba District will also decrease accordingly. It is estimated that the share undertaken by the district level will drop to about 500 million yuan in 2021, and it will also show a downward trend in the following years.

　　In May this year, the Jiangsu Provincial Department of Finance responded to the proposal of the CPPCC, showing that according to the financial subsidy standard of the Ministry of Finance, it should be controlled reasonably, and the financial subsidy intensity of each line should decline year by year. In combination with the fact that the number of China-Europe trains in our province has increased rapidly every year, the provincial finance has arranged for the subsidy fund of China-Europe trains to remain unchanged at 160 million yuan every year in the past three years, helping the provincial trains to cultivate large-scale international freight trains with strong competitiveness.

　　Wang Guowen said that when the channel is mature, especially when it is in balance, it should return to marketization as soon as possible.

　　Tang Tingting said that in the fierce competition, some employees will be eliminated, and the remaining enterprises may go through a period of merger and reorganization, and they will join hands with each other to provide more stable services and develop better programs and routes, which should be beneficial to the long-term development of China-Europe trains.

　　Recently, the procuratorate of Fuzhou City prosecuted Gao Lianzhu for the crime of accepting bribes and transferring loans at high interest. In November last year, 53-year-old Gao Lianzhu took the initiative to surrender himself as the party secretary of Fuzhou Municipal Bureau of Statistics, and his alleged "high-interest loan transfer crime" attracted much attention.

　　The crime of lending at a high interest rate refers to the act of taking credit funds from financial institutions and lending them to others at a high interest rate, with a large amount of illegal income. In recent years, this crime has frequently appeared in the notification of the investigated public officials. In this way, they can easily "borrow money to make money".

　　Jia Fenqiang, former deputy director of the Public Security Department of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, borrowed 3 million yuan, and after lending it to others at a high interest rate of 5 times, he easily made a profit of more than 1.05 million yuan; Qin Guoyou, the former deputy researcher of Luzhai County Committee of Guangxi, borrowed 3.05 million yuan, and made a profit of more than 1.19 million yuan after high-interest lending; Luo Fuyang, former deputy mayor of Fuzhou City and former director of the Municipal Public Security Bureau, raised funds through bank loans, and then lent money to Chen Moumou and others at high interest rates, earning more than 6.5 million yuan.

　　According to relevant reports, China News Weekly covers a wide range of public officials involved in such issues, including party committees and government officials, as well as senior bank officials and state-owned enterprise executives. There are both deputy directors of the provincial public security department and grassroots cadres. Not only did they lose their public office, but they were also jailed.

　　Mao Jiangping, a member of the Supervision Committee of Jiangshan City, Zhejiang Province, said in an interview with the media that the advantage of public officials in obtaining credit funds has made a small number of people use their brains and even take risks and try their best.

　　Mao Zhaohui, executive director of the China Supervisory Society and director of the Anti-corruption and Clean Government Policy Research Center of Renmin University of China, told China Newsweek that the high-interest lending behavior of public officials often involves the influence of personal power, which is more harmful and more concealed. After they use the influence of personal power to borrow money, they raise interest rates to lend money, disrupting the financial market order and increasing financial risks.

　　The shadow of power behind arbitrage

　　According to the law, when a loan applicant borrows from a financial institution, it is necessary to state the legal purpose of the loan and the term of the loan. Because public officials can’t run enterprises through business, many cases show that they usually take out loans on the pretext of housing renovation, and then transfer them to loans at high interest rates.

　　Jia Fenqiang, former deputy director of the Public Security Department of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, is a typical case. In September 2016, Jia Fenqiang was sentenced to 15 years’ imprisonment and fined 2.1 million yuan by the zhongwei Intermediate People’s Court.

　　Zhongwei Intermediate People’s Court found that Jia Fenqiang obtained a loan of 3 million yuan from the bank through his friend by signing a fake house renovation contract, with a monthly interest of 5% and a loan term of one year. After the loan was issued, Jia Fenqiang immediately lent all the loans to a microfinance company at a monthly interest of 2.5%. After several loan renewals, he made a profit of more than 1.05 million yuan.

　　An insider familiar with the local political and legal system in zhongwei told China Newsweek that the loan took place in October 2012, when Jia was a member of the Standing Committee of Yinchuan Municipal Committee, secretary of the Political and Legal Committee, and director of the Municipal Public Security Bureau, and the bank involved was Shizuishan Bank. "At that time, other bank leaders offered to provide loans for Jia in order to close the relationship with Jia Fenqiang, but in the end he chose Shizuishan Bank."

　　Public officials who take loans on the grounds of housing renovation are not cases. The website of the State Supervision Commission of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection once published a document about the case of Wang Pengxiang, former vice president of the Jiaojiang District People’s Court in Taizhou, Zhejiang.

　　In January 2014, Wang Pengxiang took a property under the name of his wife Ye Moumou as collateral, forged renovation contract, and applied to a banking institution for a decoration consumer loan of 2 million yuan. In November 2014, the loan reached the account of the fake decoration contractor designated by Wang Pengxiang, and then the money was transferred to Wang Pengxiang’s mother-in-law account through her company employee Xu Moumou. On the day of lending, Wang Pengxiang immediately lent the money in his account to three stakeholders to earn the interest difference. According to the investigation, the interest income collected from Wang Pengxiang’s reloaning was as high as 1,504,800 yuan, and the interest on bank loans was 320,200 yuan, resulting in illegal profits of nearly 1.2 million yuan.

　　There are also cases that show that some public officials consciously have no hope of promotion, and they want to make a fortune by lending at high interest. At the beginning of 2009, Wang Moumou, a friend of Qin Guoyou, a deputy researcher of Luzhai County Committee in Liuzhou City, Guangxi Province, who was engaged in real estate business, learned that there were many sets of idle properties for rent when he was short of funds and difficult to borrow, and told Qin that it was a waste of resources to use the property only for rent. Wang Moumou advised Qin Guoyou to mortgage the property to the bank to get a loan from it, and then lent the loan to him, promising to give Qin Guoyou 50% interest every year.

　　At that time, Qin Guoyou had worked as a deputy researcher of the county party committee for six years, and he thought, "Since ‘ Guanlu ’ Poor, turn away ‘ Trade routes ’ " That’s fine. From 2009 to 2013, in the name of herself and her daughter, Qin borrowed from Guangxi Luzhai Rural Cooperative Bank for four times (totaling 3.05 million yuan) on the grounds of purchasing excavators, and then lent the loans to Wang Moumou and Zhang Moumou, and charged interest. After investigation, Qin Guoyou made a total profit of 1.19 million yuan through high-interest lending.

　　In 2015, the Liuzhou Municipal Commission for Discipline Inspection interviewed him. When interviewed, he took the initiative to explain the fact that high-interest loans were transferred, but he believed that "this kind of behavior is only engaged in profit-making activities in violation of regulations, and it is enough to carry a punishment, and there is no need to return the illegal income." When the organization department asked him to hand over the illegal income, he refused to hand it over on the grounds that he had no money.

　　On February 14th, 2019, Qin Guoyou was sentenced to three years’ imprisonment by the People’s Court of Chengzhong District, Liuzhou City, for committing the crime of loaning at a high interest rate, recovering illegal income of 1.19 million yuan and fined 1.5 million yuan.

　　According to an interview with China Newsweek, many officials at the departmental level are also involved in the problem of high-interest loans. For example, Luo Fuyang, former deputy mayor of Fuzhou City, Jiangxi Province and former director of the Municipal Public Security Bureau, made a profit of more than 6.5 million yuan through illegal lending at high interest rates. Ye Shengkun, former deputy director of the Standing Committee of Meizhou Municipal People’s Congress in Guangdong Province, and Laynamor’s F, former deputy director of the Standing Committee of Yingkou Municipal People’s Congress in Liaoning Province, and other officials who fell off the horse, also mentioned the suspected crime of lending at high interest rates.

　　Many cases show that there is a complete interest chain in the case of public officials transferring loans at high interest rates. This chain is centered on public officials, down to the enterprises or individuals who actually use this loan, up to the relevant person in charge of the lending financial institution, and there are agents in the middle.

　　Baoping Li, a researcher at the Institute of Sociology and Law of Ningxia Academy of Social Sciences, said in an interview with the media that the business owners borrowed usury from leading cadres, in addition to the need for capital turnover, and more importantly, in order to maintain the relationship, which can be said to be a disguised form of interest transfer.

　　The "financial ghost" in the secret chain

　　"Half-monthly Talk" once commented that in some high-interest lending cases, some leading cadres repeatedly borrowed a large amount of money from banks on the grounds that their houses needed renovation, and the "renovation loans" of millions of dollars obviously exceeded the normal renovation demand. These obvious irrationalities reflected that financial institutions had management loopholes in the use of funds for loans involving public officials.

　　Why are financial institutions willing to lend to public officials at low interest rates? According to an interview with China News Weekly, because public officials have stable jobs and salaries, they are relatively high-quality customers for financial institutions, so they will formulate corresponding preferential policies for specific groups such as public officials.

　　An interviewed public official of the political and legal system told China Newsweek that many bank staff even took the initiative to go to his unit to promote credit business. "They took photos of our work documents and asked us to fill out a form, so they could get a loan of 300,000 yuan, or even more, and the loan interest rate would be obviously favorable. Although the salesperson said that the funds could not be used for high-interest loans and other purposes, there was no follow-up management. "

　　Mao Lixin, executive director of the Criminal Defense Research Center of China University of Political Science and Law and director of Beijing Shangquan Law Firm, told China Newsweek that the frequent occurrence of such cases revealed that financial institutions had certain problems in pre-loan review, loan management and post-loan tracking. In the pre-loan review stage, financial institutions neglected to review their loan contracts because they regarded public officials as "quality customers", and even turned a blind eye; In the process of issuing loans, the direction and practical use of this money were not carefully checked; After lending, it is rarely monitored whether the funds are used according to the agreed purpose.

　　He said that in such cases, if the financial institution finds that the purpose written in the loan contract is false and continues to lend, the amount is more than 2 million yuan or the direct economic loss is more than 500,000 yuan, the relevant staff of the financial institution is suspected of committing the crime of illegally issuing loans.

　　Even so, there are still people in charge of financial institutions who play the role of an "inside ghost" for reasons such as the exchange of interests with public officials, and illegally lend money to help public officials make profits through high-interest loans.

　　In May 2018, the Supervision Committee of Zhengzhou City Commission for Discipline Inspection received a clue from the Supervision Committee of Henan Provincial Commission for Discipline Inspection about Yang Hongwei, deputy mayor of gongyi city, who was suspected of violating the law. Among them, some people reported that Yang Hongwei used his power to obtain large amounts of funds from banks for lending, so as to obtain high interest.

　　According to the circular, in 2013, Wang Moufan, then director of Beishankou Rural Credit Cooperatives in Gongyi, thanked Yang Hongwei for his help in completing the storage task of the rural credit cooperatives, and agreed with Yang Hongwei to borrow 2 million yuan from Beishankou Rural Credit Cooperatives in the name of his brother Yang Moujun by signing a false contract, and Wang Moufan lent it to a real estate company, and the high interest of 1.02 million yuan obtained was dominated by Yang Hongwei.

　　According to the circular, Yang Hongwei’s modus operandi is hidden, and whether he borrows money from rural credit cooperatives or enterprises, he does it through "agent" Yang Moujun, while Yang Hongwei gains benefits from stealth.

　　There are also some principal responsible persons of financial institutions who even steal from themselves and start the business of lending at high interest. Kong Caimei, a former vice president of Yunnan Fudian Bank, was told that although she was paid millions of dollars a year, she was not satisfied, and she was thinking about how to make Qian Shengqian and interest. In the process of approving the loan, she learned that many private entrepreneurs were short of funds, which gave birth to the idea of usury. Kong Caimei borrowed the money she raised at high interest rate, "being a bank president during the day and a banker at night". After investigation, Kong Caimei was suspected of many illegal and criminal acts such as corruption, bribery, and high-interest lending, and the total illegal income was more than 31.8 million yuan.

　　Peng Xie, the former president of Dianchi Sub-branch of Kunming Branch of China CITIC Bank, first got to know all kinds of people with resources and capital needs as the president of the bank, and cast a net for high-interest lending. Then he negotiated with others to apply for a loan at his own branch and lent it at an annualized income of 15%. Since then, he took advantage of his position to promote the "green light all the way" of the bank loan approval process, turned a blind eye to the forged loan materials, and successfully lent the obtained loans to obtain high profits. After investigation, it used its authority to transfer loans at a high interest rate and made a profit of 710,000 yuan.

　　Gu Chao, a graduate tutor at Yangzhou University Law School, told China Newsweek that in the case of "inside job stealing" by the principal person in charge of such financial institutions, whether there is greater social harm due to their status will be considered, and comprehensive consideration will be given when sentencing. At the same time, the identity of this group also determines that they may be accused of lending at high interest and illegally issuing loans.

　　Why are not many people investigated for criminal responsibility?

　　The crime of loaning at high interest is a new crime in the criminal law in 1997. According to the amount of illegal income from loaning at high interest, the perpetrator will be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than three years but not more than seven years, and fined not less than one time but not more than five times the illegal income.

　　Wang Xin, a professor at Peking University Law School and vice president of the Financial Legal Behavior Research Association of China Behavioral Law Society, told China Newsweek that the background of this crime was very special. In 1997, there was no crime of loaning at high interest in the draft revised criminal law submitted to the National People’s Congress for deliberation. However, during the discussion of the two sessions, some NPC deputies from the banking sector advocated adding this crime. Their reason is that after the loan was issued, many borrowers did not use it for the purpose they claimed when applying, but lent it to others at high interest rates and ate the interest difference.

　　"These representatives believe that this part of the loan was originally used in projects related to the national economy and people’s livelihood, but it was used in other projects, and it is easy to cause loan risks after lending. In the end, the legislature adopted this proposal and added this crime in the adopted draft. " Wang Xin said.

　　Gu Chao said that when the crime of high-interest lending was added to the criminal law, all banks in China were owned by the whole people. At that time, the establishment of this crime was also considered from the perspective of the security of state-owned assets and the security of credit funds of financial institutions.

　　He told China Newsweek that in judicial practice, the crime of loaning at high interest may be mixed with some crimes in the downstream (if some of them are included in the crime of money laundering), and some cases may not be reflected as a separate crime. In addition, some cases are classified and not open to the public, so it is difficult to make statistics on the number of cases involving this crime over the years since its establishment. However, from the public notice, cases involving such crimes are still common in recent years.

　　Tong Xiaohui, the first-class police chief and public lawyer of Gongshu Branch of Hangzhou Public Security Bureau, said in an interview with China News Weekly that in cases involving high-interest lending, if the high-interest lender pays off the loan within the agreed time and does not cause losses to the bank, it is rarely exposed. Moreover, when such personnel transfer loans at high interest rates, they may not necessarily explain the source of funds to the lending target. "For the economic investigation department of the public security organ, compared with fund-raising fraud and contract fraud, high-interest lending will be more concealed."

　　Tong Xiaohui said that there are two main types of clues for public security organs to receive high-interest loans: the high-interest lenders did not pay off the bank loans, and the banks took the initiative to report the case after discovering the clues; The Commission for Discipline Inspection and Supervision found clues that public officials involved in high-interest loans and transferred them to public security organs.

　　A cadre of discipline inspection and supervision in Zhejiang Province told China Newsweek that it is not uncommon for enterprises and public officials to lend at high interest in practice, but not many people are investigated for criminal responsibility for this crime in practice. "Public officials’ duty crimes are under the jurisdiction of the Supervisory Committee, and the crime of lending at high interest is under the jurisdiction of the public security organs. In the face of a large number of high-interest loans, law enforcement officers will not and cannot all be sentenced. If such public officials have a good attitude, the supervisory Committee will generally not transfer clues to the public security and investigate the crime of lending at high interest. "

　　Many interviewees also said that the public knows most about the crime of accepting bribes and corruption when public officials violate the criminal law, and they have very limited knowledge about the crime of loaning at high interest, which also makes some people unaware that this is an illegal act even if they know that there are people around them. Some interviewees also said that the public officials around him thought that it was normal to transfer loans at high interest rates, and even this was a smart person who could manage money.

　　In addition, Mao Zhaohui believes that the crime of high-interest lending in criminal law has not been revised so far. With the emergence of some new manifestations in judicial practice, criminal acts have become more complicated, some involving illegal acts and some involving disciplinary acts. Crimes involve a wider range of people, including government, political and legal organs, officials of the financial system, etc., and some also involve agents. He believes that it is necessary to introduce judicial interpretations to further refine different situations.

　　In real cases, compared with the fact that public officials can usually get loans by virtue of credit, private entrepreneurs often need mortgage loans. The more poorly managed, the more difficult it is for enterprises to get loans. This is also considered to be one of the reasons why private entrepreneurs raise interest rates and transfer loans through channels such as public officials.

　　Gu Chao has done research, and the loans of business owners are generally mortgage loans, and the total amount of loans will not exceed 60% or 50% of the valuation of real estate or chattel market.

　　Shen Yufu, the legal representative of Hunan Zhanhong Construction Engineering Investment Co., Ltd., told China Newsweek that in 2009, he was in urgent need of funds because of problems in business operation, and wanted to borrow 10 million yuan from a local bank. Therefore, he mortgaged several sets of his own properties with a total market valuation of about 20 million yuan to the bank, but he still failed to obtain bank loans.

　　Shen Yufu said that in desperation, he raised interest rates and lent more than 6 million yuan to public officials in Xiangtan’s political and legal system through agents.

　　Several interviewees, including Wang Xin, told China Newsweek that banks should fully evaluate the actual needs of those at the end of the interest chain of high-interest lending (referring to the "lenders" who finally take over the offer, such as private entrepreneurs), and give them more loan support to make the high-interest lenders lose their existence space.

　　Mao Zhaohui pointed out that the high-interest lending behavior of public officials involves a wide range and has the characteristics of professionalism and concealment. The crackdown can not only rely on the discipline inspection and supervision organs, but also strengthen the collaborative supervision supported by big data supervision, and investigate and punish it through various forms such as inspections, inspections, discipline inspection and supervision, and auditing.

　　Recently, "China Discipline Inspection and Supervision Newspaper" issued a document quoting several discipline inspection and supervision cadres, saying that there is still a lack of supervision on high-interest lending. Among them, both the actors repeatedly transfer funds to avoid supervision, and the cooperation channels between relevant departments and financial institutions have not been fully opened, so it is impossible to achieve full coverage supervision.

　　Wang Xin believes that in the future, banks should strictly examine borrowers, establish a loan credit system, and cancel their future loan qualifications for those involved in high-interest lending. After lending, banks should follow up and supervise the use of loans and punish them in time when problems are found.

　　According to the article in the China Discipline Inspection and Supervision Newspaper, the supervisory committees of multi-disciplinary committees have taken measures to supervise the high-interest lending behavior of public officials. For example, the relevant person in charge of the Supervision Committee of the Wuhua District Commission for Discipline Inspection in Kunming City, Yunnan Province believes that the discipline inspection and supervision organs should urge the financial supervision departments to perform their duties, strengthen supervision over financial institutions to carry out credit granting for public officials, and strictly examine the use of public officials’ loans. The Supervision Committee of the Commission for Discipline Inspection of Nanping City, Fujian Province, combined with the newly revised "Regulations on Reporting Personal Matters of Leading Cadres", strengthened the briefing and problem investigation of untrustworthy public officials, and investigated whether there were problems of high-interest lending and illegal participation in private lending.

　　Published in China Newsweek magazine, No.1103, August 7, 2023.

　　Magazine title: Why do public officials lend money at high interest frequently?

　　Reporter: Zhou Qunfeng (zhouqunfenghaoren@163.com)

　　Movie network news(Photo/Yang Nan/Yang Yaru) A comedy film starring Cecilia Cheung, Lucas and his son, Zheng Zhongji and Ekin Cheng first exposed the theme song MV in Beijing on the 27th. On the same day, Jing Wong, together with Milk Lin, Keyuan Zhang and theme song singer Jane Zhang, came to the scene to help out. Cecilia Cheung, who was affected by the marriage, was absent from the publicity campaign. Director Jing Wong admits that Lucas will definitely not appear for publicity, and it is still unknown whether Cecilia Cheung can attend later.

Jing Wong said Lucas was very talented in acting and broke the news that Nicholas Tse had never visited the class.

　　As the big-screen debut of Cecilia Cheung and Lucas, priceless treasure has attracted much attention since its release. For Lucas’ acting skills, Jing Wong praised him for his acting talent. "He has a strong sense of lens and is very photogenic. Coupled with his family background, he can be said to be very talented in acting." Referring to the media saying that Lucas has an actor, Jing Wong said frankly, "That’s too unreliable. The child is still so young."

　　A few days ago, Cecilia Cheung and Nicholas Tse were deeply involved in the "marriage change", and Jing Wong’s words were also quite meaningful. "Nicholas Tse did not come to visit the class in this play." Referring to whether the film promotion will be affected, Jing Wong said, "Lucas should not attend any publicity activities. We are actively inviting Cecilia Cheung, but it is still unknown whether we can participate." Regarding whether Lucas did not participate in the publicity because Nicholas Tse prohibited Aiko from being exposed, Jing Wong looked serious. "I don’t know about this!"

　　This time, Jing Wong became "king of the children" and had to work with four children in "Priceless Treasure". Wang Jingxiao said that several children were very good, so he didn’t feel any trouble at all. "Lucas is the youngest and doesn’t know what shooting is. We are going to give him a birthday party in the film, so he really thought it was his birthday that day." Jing Wong smiled and said, "‘ Deal with ’ The best way for children is to make friends with them. ‘ Bribery ’ It is also essential. Seeing their innocence every day will make you feel happier and make your work easier. "

Jane Zhang’s affectionate singing of the theme song revealed that he was not ready for filming.

　　Jane Zhang sang the theme song "The Taste of True Love" of the film "Priceless Treasure" with deep affection, which was composed by Jin Peida, hoping to bring you a warm feeling through the melody. Jing Wong, who has made countless stars, even said that Jane Zhang will definitely become a good actor. Jane Zhang seems hesitant about whether he will really enter the film industry. "In fact, I will still be nervous about the stage performance when singing. If I make a movie, the director will make you do more, and I will feel embarrassed, so I have to adjust myself and won’t make a movie for the time being until I am ready."

　　Referring to the "priceless treasure" in his mind, Milk Lin, the first speaker, did not change his true colors. "I think mom and dad are my priceless treasures." Another little actor, Keyuan Zhang, is a lot of virginity. "I think it’s mom and dad, too, but there are chocolates." Director Jing Wong thinks that his family and movies are the most precious wealth in his life.

More wonderful pictures on the next page

　　　　Wuliangye Group Co., Ltd. is located in "the first city of the Yangtze River"-the bank of Minjiang River in the north of Yibin City, Sichuan Province in the southwest hinterland of China. Before that, Yibin Winery in Sichuan Province, a China monopoly company, was jointly established by several ancient winemaking workshops in the early 1950s. In 1959, it was officially named Yibin Wuliangye Winery, and in 1998, it was restructured into Yibin Wuliangye Group Co., Ltd. in Sichuan Province.

　　　　Wuliangye Group Co., Ltd. is a super-large modern enterprise group with profound corporate culture, focusing on the production and operation of Wuliangye and its series of wines, with diversified development of modern manufacturing, modern industrial packaging, photoelectric glass, modern logistics, rubber products and modern pharmaceuticals. The company has not only become the world’s largest, best ecological environment, five kinds of grain fermentation, the best quality, the perfect combination of ancient and modern, but also occupied the high-end technology in many fields such as complete sets of car molds, large, medium and small high-precision injection and stamping molds, precision plastic products, circular economy, electronics and so on, forming outstanding advantages. The company has 5 sub-group companies and 12 sub-companies, covering an area of 10 square kilometers, and has 30,000 employees. In 2009, Wuliangye Group Company continued to maintain a scientific and healthy development, achieving a sales income of 35.03 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 16.5%; Profits and taxes reached 7 billion yuan, up 16.8% year-on-year, and the profit and tax targets of the 11th Five-Year Plan were achieved one year ahead of schedule. The brand value of Wuliangye is as high as 47.206 billion yuan, ranking the fourth most valuable brand in China, and maintaining the highest brand value of food in China for 15 consecutive years.

　　　　Wuliangye Liquor, a famous product of Wuliangye Group Co., Ltd., is an outstanding representative of Luzhou-flavor liquor. She is made of five kinds of grains, namely sorghum, rice, glutinous rice, wheat and corn, with "Bao Bao Qu" as the driving force, fermented in old pits, aged for many years and carefully blended. She is famous for her unique style of "long aroma, mellow taste, sweet taste, clean throat, harmonious tastes, just right taste and comprehensive wine taste", and has become an outstanding treasure in today’s wine products with six advantages: unique natural ecological environment, more than 600 years of ancient pits in Ming Dynasty, five grain formulas, ancient secret recipe technology, harmonious quality and grand scale of "Shili Wine City" Since winning the first gold medal in Panama World Expo in 1915, Wuliangye liquor has successively won 36 gold medals in expositions all over the world, and won another gold medal in the 13th Panama International Food Expo in 1995, casting the glory of Wuliangye’s "80-year-old gold medal" and being rated as "the king of China wine industry" by the 50th World Statistics Congress. In June 2002, at the 20th International Trade Fair in Panama, it won the only gold medal in liquor category again, and continued to write the centenary honor of Wuliangye. At the same time, Wuliangye liquor also won the title of "National Famous Wine" for four times; Won the national gold medal for high-quality products for four times; In 1991, the trademark Wuliangye was awarded as the first "Top Ten Famous Trademarks" in China. In 2003, it won the "National Quality Management Award" again, becoming the only enterprise in China’s liquor industry that won the national quality management award twice. In "Top 500 Chinese Enterprises in 2008"In the release results, Rongju ranked 199th, becoming the only liquor enterprise to enter the top 500; And ranked 84th in "Top 200 Taxpayers in China" and 113th in "Top 200 Enterprises in China". In the results of the annual survey of the 200 most respected enterprises in Asia published by The Wall Street Journal, the most authoritative financial media in the world, Wuliangye Group, Haier, China Merchants Bank and other ten enterprises jointly won the title of "Top Ten Most Respected Enterprises in China" and ranked third in the "Quality" item of "Top Five Most Respected Enterprises".

　　　　The company has systematically developed dozens of series products with different grades and tastes, such as Wuliangchun, Wuliangshen, Wuliangchun, Liuhe Liquid, Yangtze River Delta, Lianghuchun, Modern People, Jinliufu, Liuyang River, Old Workshop and Beijing Liquor, which meet the needs of consumers in different regions, different cultural backgrounds and different levels. In particular, Wuliangye, a series of fine products and treasures, such as the Zodiac Wuliangye, Smooth sailing Wuliangye, Wuliangye Panama Memorial Wine and Wuliangye Old Wine, came out, and its exquisite and ultimate integration in spirit, shape, rhyme and taste became a model for pursuing Excellence.

　　　　五粮液人以质量规模效益为工作中心，成功实施了阶段性战略突破和高速发展，使公司已经具备了年酿造五粮液及其系列酒40多万吨的生产能力，以及年包装各类成品酒40多万吨的配套生产能力。同时，还以其开发的“仙林青梅果酒”和“亚洲干红”等优质产品，进一步开拓国内外果酒市场。

　　　　五粮液高质量、高速度、高效益的发展，引起社会各界的关注和重视。1999年4月18日，时任中共中央总书记、国家主席的江泽民同志亲临五粮液集团公司视察；2000年10月5日，时任全国人大委员长的李鹏同志莅临五粮液集团公司视察；2003年5月11日，中共中央总书记、国家主席胡锦涛同志又来到五粮液集团公司视察工作。中央领导高度评价五粮液的建设发展成就，胡锦涛总书记用“发展才是硬道理”总结和肯定五粮液的发展经验，并明确要求“好好保护‘五粮液’这块牌子”。

　　　　In Wuliangye Group Company, the highest corporate image sculpture in China-Endeavour Tower, the most magnificent gate in China-the East Gate of Wuliangye, the largest wine culture exhibition hall in China, the magnificent Pengcheng Square, the beautiful and elegant cultural park "Jiushengshan" and other ingenious and exquisite Wuliangye characteristic landscapes and patchwork, clean and beautiful production and working facilities are in progress. In this beautiful land, Wuliangye people use their wisdom, hard work, perseverance and sincerity, and the sense of responsibility to promote harmonious social development and the spirit of "innovation and progress, always striving for the first" to create the outstanding beauty of Wuliangye, the profound corporate culture of Wuliangye Group, the excellent products and services of Wuliangye Group, and the outstanding economic, environmental and social benefits of Wuliangye people.

　　　　Wuliangye Group Co., Ltd. sincerely thanks all sectors of society for their care and love.

　　[Li Feng, a special correspondent of Global Times in Australia] A 95-year-old woman is being investigated by the Australian government because she brought a large number of cultural relics back to China when she participated in archaeological activities in Middle Eastern countries. According to the Australian national omni television reported on 26th, the old woman named Joan Howard was accused of stealing works of art from Egypt, Syria, Jordan and Pakistan, and the value involved may exceed 1 million Australian dollars (about 5.02 million yuan).

　　Earlier this month, the old woman living in Perth revealed in an interview with The Western Australian that during her life in the Middle East with her husband who worked for the United Nations in the 1960s and 1970s, she took advantage of her diplomatic status to actively cooperate with archaeological teams from Britain and the United States to search for local cultural relics. In the interview, she boasted that she now has numerous cultural relics, including precious Egyptian funeral masks, Phoenician and Roman weapons, a 40,000-year-old Neolithic axe, and many ancient coins, seals and jewels. It is understood that Howard has never revealed his behavior and stolen cultural relics to others until he was interviewed in his octogenarian years. "Working with the archaeological team is a dirty job, but the rewards are rich."

　　After the news was disclosed, many people and archaeologists accused Howard’s behavior of plundering cultural relics. Hannah, a member of the Egyptian Cultural Relics Protection Working Group, sent an open letter to Australian Ambassador to Egypt Neil Hawkins on Facebook, accusing Howard of stealing Egyptian cultural relics. Hannah called Howard the real version of Tomb Raider, and she said with fierce words, "Howard’s piracy of many cultural relics is unacceptable, and she used her identity to violate all possible laws. I demand that the source of her collection be investigated and returned to Egypt." The Egyptian government also issued a note asking the Australian government to investigate Howard.

　　According to the Sydney Morning Herald, Australia had a record of returning cultural relics to Egypt before. In 2011, 122 abandoned Egyptian cultural relics were found in the warehouse of an auction house in Melbourne, and these cultural relics were later returned to Egypt.

　　[New Ideas and Practice of Governing the Country]

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that "in today’s world, if any political party, country or nation can be confident, then the Communist Party of China (CPC), People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the Chinese nation have the most reasons to be confident". The Communist Party of China (CPC) has the most reason to be confident. This important assertion shows the confidence and determination of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core to unite and lead the whole party and the people of all nationalities to realize the goal of "two hundred years" and the Chinese nation’s great rejuvenation of the Chinese dream.

　　1. The connotation and boundary of party confidence.

　　The so-called self-confidence of political parties, in today’s historical context, refers to the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s full affirmation of his own value and firm belief in his own vitality. The connotation of party self-confidence can be understood from multiple dimensions.

　　From the subjective dimension, party self-confidence is the result of two-way interaction and joint action between "self" and "the other", and it is the organic unity of "self-confidence" and "Thaksin". "Self-confidence" is embodied in the firm confidence of party member and Party organizations at all levels in the Party, and "Thaksin" is embodied in the trust and confidence of people of all ethnic groups in the Communist Party of China (CPC). Without the trust of the people, the confidence of political parties will be difficult to achieve.

　　From the perspective of time and space, party self-confidence has dual meanings of nation and world, time and space. On the one hand, the party’s self-confidence is based on the unity of historical cognition, realistic evaluation and future expectation, that is, it highly praises communist party’s struggle history for more than 90 years, highly affirms communist party’s realistic performance, and highly expects the development prospect of communist party. On the other hand, the self-confidence of political parties is also based on the rational cognition of the history of international political parties and the history of international communist movement. In today’s world, when it comes to the contribution of a political party to a country and a nation, the Communist Party of China (CPC) is fully qualified and has reason to be confident.

　　From the theme dimension, party confidence is not abstract, but has its specific content. People’s trust in communist party and recognition of communist party are embodied in the recognition of the party’s basic theory, line and program, the development path, system model and values chosen by the party, and the party’s ruling ability, strategic objectives and lofty ideals.

　　Theoretically speaking, the self-confidence of political parties is not blind, but has its theoretical support. History and people’s choice of the Communist Party of China (CPC) is not determined by historical contingency, nor caused by people’s willfulness, but the inherent requirement of the theoretical logic of scientific socialism and the historical logic of China’s social development. In contemporary China, only the Communist Party of China (CPC), armed with Marxist theory, and no other party can shoulder the historical responsibility of national independence, people’s liberation and national prosperity, and can solve the problem of the future and destiny of the Chinese nation.

　　Party confidence is not arrogance. As a rational judgment of the social subject, party confidence is, in the final analysis, a rational self-confidence, a sober self-confidence, a self-confidence with principles, limits and a sense of abiding by borders. Self-confidence of a political party means not to dwarf or belittle itself, but it is not based on dwarfing or belittling other political party systems. The self-confidence of political parties should be an eclectic, open and inclusive self-confidence in essence. Today, our emphasis on maintaining confidence in the Communist Party of China (CPC) does not mean that the Communist Party of China (CPC) is perfect. Self-beauty is self-confidence, and beauty of beauty is also self-confidence. Being complacent is a sign of self-distrust, while narcissism is a sign of blind self-confidence. Whether the Communist Party of China (CPC) can face up to its own shortcomings and absorb the advantages and disadvantages of human political civilization is an important yardstick to measure whether the Communist Party of China (CPC) is really confident or not. The western view of political parties characterized by pride and universal mission is not true self-confidence; The narrow view of political parties oriented towards narcissism and characterized by isolation is not really self-confidence.

　　Party self-confidence and "four self-confidences" are essentially two sides of the same thing. The greatest common denominator of "four self-confidences" is Socialism with Chinese characteristics, and "four self-confidences" is Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s self-confidence in the final analysis. So, what is the relationship between Socialism with Chinese characteristics and the Communist Party of China (CPC)? General Secretary of the Supreme Leader said: "The most essential feature of Socialism with Chinese characteristics is the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership, and the greatest advantage of the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system is the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership." In this sense, adhering to the "four self-confidences" implies confidence in the Communist Party of China (CPC); Adhering to the self-confidence of political parties also contains "four self-confidences." Party self-confidence and "four self-confidences" are intrinsically unified in the whole process of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s career.

　　2. The historical logic of party self-confidence.

　　Party self-confidence is not made, but grown. Since its birth, the Communist Party of China (CPC) has always been on the way to catch the exam. More than 90 years’ practice has proved that our party has handed over brilliant answers in this historic exam, which is the historical logic of party confidence.

　　First, the Chinese nation’s transition from chaos to governance cannot be separated from the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership.

　　Since modern times, China has gone through three stages: troubled times, managing the world and good governance. From 1840 to 1949, it belonged to the chaotic stage of "no one can manage it". At this time, China’s mountains and rivers were broken, with internal troubles and foreign invasion.

　　In terms of internal worries, in the first and middle of the 19th century, people’s poverty led to the outbreak of Bailian uprising, Taiping Rebellion and Nian Army Uprising. At the end of the 19th century, the Boxer Rebellion with the slogan of "helping the Qing Dynasty to destroy the foreign countries" appeared. As a result, the Qing Dynasty was not helped up and the foreign countries were not destroyed. At the beginning of the 20th century, the old democratic revolution led by revolutionaries stirred China, and the Qing Empire was tottering. In 1911, the Revolution of 1911 was the final blow, and the Qing Dynasty collapsed. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, there was no peace for the warlords. In 1946, the national government tore up the peace agreement and three years of civil war started.

　　As far as foreign invasion is concerned, in 1840, the first Opium War broke out, the British laborers made an expedition, and the door of the Great Qing Dynasty was opened. In 1856, the Second Opium War broke out, and the British and French allied forces invaded Beijing and burned the Yuanmingyuan in 1860. In 1883, the Sino-French war broke out, "France won without defeat, and China lost without defeat"; In 1894, the Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War of 1894 broke out and the Beiyang Navy was wiped out. In 1900, Eight-Nation Alliance captured Beijing; In 1931, the Japanese army invaded the northeast and the three northeastern provinces fell; In 1937, War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression broke out in an all-round way, and most of China fell into the jaws of death. Under the heavy ravages of western powers, the national self-confidence accumulated by the people of China in 5,000 years collapsed.

　　It can be seen that since modern times, the Chinese nation has been plagued by internal troubles and foreign invasion, and the society is in a state of disarray. All political forces outside the Communist Party of China (CPC) are short-lived, and they have become passers-by in a hurry. Since modern times, Chinese has been struggling to save the nation from extinction. The peasant revolution, constitutional monarchy, restoration monarchy, parliamentary system and presidential system have all been thought and tried, but the results have not worked. China is still in troubled times. Finally, the Communist Party of China (CPC) was chosen, and China realized the historical transformation from chaos to governance, which opened a great journey to rebuild national self-confidence.

　　Second, the people of China cannot stand up without the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC).

　　"The people of China have stood up since then!" What a simple declaration, however, without understanding the humiliation of kneeling, it is impossible to understand the meaning of standing and the weight of these words.

　　In modern times, the aftermath of the prosperous time of Kanggan has not gone far, but the fate of the people of China has ushered in a 180-degree turn. Yesterday, Chinese, whose back was still straight, fell into the abyss of kneeling for a living. Today, we can’t forget how humiliating it was that more than a hundred years ago, just over 2,000 troops bombed the heavily guarded Qing port, and just 20,000 troops captured the capital of a big country. We can’t forget how humiliating it was that more than 100 years ago, the garden of ten thousand gardens was set on fire and the vast territory was slaughtered. We can’t forget what a humiliation it was more than 100 years ago, when "Chinese and dogs are not allowed in"!

　　The Revolution of 1911 ended the history of feudal dynasty rule, but it did not end the history of humiliation of the Chinese nation. The Great Qing Dynasty fell, but the people of China did not stand up. We can’t imagine that more than 10,000 Japanese troops in Northeast China occupied Shenyang in one day, Liaoning in one week and the three northeastern provinces in three months. How did this happen? We can’t imagine how North China, Shanghai and Nanjing fell in less than half a year after the Lugouqiao Incident. We can’t imagine that a few Japanese soldiers could drive crowds of Chinese to die, and the Nanjing Massacre was terrible. How did this happen?

　　In fact, the old China was wantonly ravaged by the great powers for only one reason: the spirit has fallen on its knees, not only because of its weak national strength and military strength, but also because of its weak spirit, weak will and weak leaders. It was not until the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s appearance that this situation was fundamentally reversed. The people of China have stood up, and War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the Communist Party of China (CPC) are the mainstay; The War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea is not only the founding war of New China, but also Chinese’s rite of passage. Since the people of China stood upright in the east of the world, the balance of wrestling between the East and the West has changed, and the days of bossing around by the West have ended.

　　Third, China’s appearance from waste to prosperity cannot be separated from the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership.

　　Old China, riddled with holes, is in ruins. In the early 1950s, Mao Zedong said in "On Ten Major Relationships": The face of our country is "one is poor, the other is white". Poverty means that there is not much industry and agriculture is not developed. White’ is a blank sheet of paper, and its cultural level and scientific level are not high. " The industry is quite backward, and even daily necessities are imported from abroad. "Foreign fire", "foreign oil" and "foreign cloth" are historical witnesses.

　　The China Miracle is the most important historical event in the world today. Since the founding of New China, especially since the reform and opening up, China’s development achievements have shocked the world and completely got rid of the danger of being expelled from football. From being poor and white, to ranking second in the world in terms of economic aggregate; From the era of "foreign font size" to a complete industrial system; From the lack of food and clothing for the people to entering the ranks of middle-income countries in the world; From the shortage of materials to the top spot in global trade in goods; From isolation to unswervingly promoting economic globalization, China experienced phoenix nirvana and completed a magnificent turn from the edge of the world to the center of the world stage. As General Secretary of the Supreme Leader said, "Now, we are closer to the goal of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation than at any time in history, and we are more confident and capable of achieving this goal than at any time in history." The great success of China Road is enough to support the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s confidence and confidence!

　　3. Theoretical logic of party confidence.

　　The Communist Party of China (CPC) is an advanced political party armed with Marxism. The great victory of revolution, construction and reform led by the Communist Party of China (CPC) in China is, in the final analysis, the victory of Marxism and its China, and the victory of scientific socialism. The Communist Party of China (CPC) stood at the commanding heights of science, morality and the overwhelming majority, which is the theoretical logic of party confidence.

　　Self-confidence of political parties stems from the scientific nature of guiding ideology. The Communist Party of China (CPC) always regards Marxism as his guide to action, and insists on constantly enriching and developing Marxism in practice. He is a faithful believer, staunch defender and great practitioner of Marxism. The latest achievements of Marxism and its China-ization constitute the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s "cultural background" and "spiritual soul", and the truth of Marxism constitutes the theoretical cornerstone of party self-confidence. The scientific nature of Marxism lies in that it reveals the development law of human society with irrefutable facts and powerful logic, points out the correct direction for the development of human society and the liberation of all mankind, solves the "historical mystery" for the first time, and lays an ideological peak that is hard to reach so far. Today’s world is advancing according to the development track described by Marx. The new changes of capitalism and the new trend of economic globalization are continuing to confirm Marxism rather than falsify it. China’s historic practice and the great success of China Road have strongly witnessed the scientific nature of Marxism. "Marx" is still a huge figure that cannot be bypassed in the 21st century. Dialectical materialism and historical materialism are still scientific tools for people to correctly understand the world, predict the future, and formulate action countermeasures. The basic principles and spirit of Marxism are still followed by the Communist Party of China (CPC), and the latest achievements of Marxism in China are still the ideological weapons for the Communist Party of China (CPC) to govern the country. The doctrine we believe in is the truth of the universe, which is the biggest reason for our firm party’s confidence.

　　Party self-confidence stems from the supremacy of value pursuit. In the final analysis, the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s value pursuit is the value pursuit of Marxism. Marxism unswervingly pursues fairness, justice and common prosperity, the freedom, democracy and human rights of the proletariat, and the free and all-round development of everyone. Isn’t this more practical and useful than the abstract value pursuit of the West? What reason do we have to belittle it? Marx studied the law of the development of human society all his life, with the aim of criticizing capitalism and burying it. As long as there is exploitation, oppression and inequality in this world, "Marx" will always live in the hearts of working people and all upright people who pursue progress and justice, and communism will always be a banner for people to pursue liberation. What reason do we have to abandon it? Communist party’s ideal society in the future has got rid of the double slavery of power and capital, eliminated exploitation and oppression, spread fairness and justice everywhere, and everyone can develop freely and comprehensively. Isn’t this the most ideal society, and why should we refuse it? Communist party stood on the moral high ground, which is the greatest confidence of our firm political party.

　　The self-confidence of a political party stems from the people’s nature of its political stance. The people’s trust and support are the source of strength and mystery of the party’s self-confidence. The people’s position is communist party’s fundamental political position, representing the people’s interests is all communist party’s interests, and serving the people is communist party’s fundamental purpose. "People" is the true belief of communist party people, which is completely different from bourgeois political parties and is the fundamental sign that the Communist Party of China (CPC) is different from and superior to all other political parties. Bourgeois political parties represent the interests of capital, "capital" is the real master and the only master of capitalist society, and capital logic is the eternal political logic. The Communist Party of China (CPC), on the other hand, is always on the side of the overwhelming majority, which is the greatest strength to strengthen the confidence of our party.

　　4. The confident world vision of political parties.

　　With the transformation of national history into world history, the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s historical position should also be examined from the perspective of the world.

　　First, from the perspective of ruling ability, the political party system with characteristics of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and China has distinct comparative advantages.

　　Compared with the western political model of separation of powers, multi-party election and taking turns to sit in the village, China’s political system is characterized by adhering to the organic unity of party leadership, people being masters of the country and governing the country according to law, and implementing the people’s congress system, multi-party cooperation and political consultation system led by the Communist Party of China (CPC), regional ethnic autonomy system and grass-roots mass autonomy system. The comparative advantages of China’s political system are roughly as follows:

　　The ability of social integration. The political party system with China’s characteristics can effectively integrate social resources, concentrate on major events, overcome the disadvantages of mutual conflicts and constraints between different parties and interest groups, and avoid "polarized" politics and "veto regime" that are opposed for the sake of opposition. For example, American scholar Fukuyama believes that "polarized" politics has become the mainstream in the United States, and "veto politics" is prevalent, which is related to the long-term reform.

　　The strength of strategic planning. One of the advantages of China’s political system is that it can formulate long-term development plans, maintain the stability and continuity of major policies, and link today’s cause with tomorrow’s cause. The current interests are combined with long-term interests, and the local interests are consistent with the overall interests, without being affected by the change of political parties in the West. This is simply impossible in those countries that change the ruling party in a "merry-go-round" way.

　　Efficiency of decision-making. The Communist Party of China (CPC) advocates rejuvenating the country by hard work, speaking with facts, responding to emerging challenges in a timely manner, advancing things in an orderly manner, and "doing things one after another" for long-term matters, which is unimaginable in those western countries that "do things one after another" or even "do things one after another".

　　A system of selecting talents and appointing people. The training and selection mechanism of the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s ruling team also has advantages, such as orderly replacement of national leadership, emphasis on grass-roots experience and multi-level experience, free from the constraints of consortia, populism and acting tricks, which can avoid the election of rich spokesmen, populist leaders or mediocre politicians.

　　Mechanism of self-purification. The Communist Party of China (CPC) has not made mistakes, but unlike other political parties, the Communist Party of China (CPC) can correct his own mistakes. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, our party has made remarkable achievements in punishing corruption and curbing the "four winds", which shows the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s ability and determination to purify and improve itself.

　　Second, judging from the ruling effect, the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s report card is hard to compare with that of any other political party in the world.

　　In the history of the world’s political parties, who can shoulder the two major historical responsibilities of "saving the nation from extinction (revolution)" and "national rejuvenation (construction)"? As American scholar Fei Zhengqing said, the Communist Party of China (CPC) has created a "revolutionary world miracle" in the past and a "developing world miracle" today. This is the greatest political, economic and social change of mankind so far. No nation in the world has experienced such a great institutional change and such a rapid increase in wealth in such a short time.

　　In terms of system reform, the Communist Party of China (CPC) united and led the people of China to complete the new-democratic revolution and achieved a great leap from feudal autocracy to people’s democracy. Completed the socialist revolution and established the basic socialist system, which laid the fundamental political premise and institutional foundation for all the development and progress of contemporary China; It started a new great revolution of reform and opening up, established the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system, and achieved a great leap for the people of China from standing up to becoming rich and strong. The institutional model initiated by the Communist Party of China (CPC) has defended the diversity of political civilization, provided a "China plan" for the development of human society, and proved that the western political model is not the only and universal plan.

　　In terms of wealth growth, China has created an earth-shattering development miracle in the history of human social development in the past 30 years. In dollar terms, China’s GDP in 2016 is roughly equivalent to 2 Japanese, 3 German, 4 British, 5 Indian, 6 Italian, 7 Canadian and 8 Russian. More than 700 million people have been lifted out of poverty, contributing 70% to global poverty reduction. Data don’t lie, facts are the most convincing. Brilliant report card is the profound reason why the Communist Party of China (CPC) can avoid the pendulum effect of western political parties and win people’s long-term trust. However, when some people in the West praise China’s development achievements, they often bypass the political party factor intentionally or unintentionally. In fact, the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership is the most essential feature and the greatest advantage of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, and it also constitutes the key password of China’s miracle. You can’t decode contemporary China without understanding the Communist Party of China (CPC).

　　Thirdly, in terms of the problems faced, the Communist Party of China (CPC) has achieved better results in a shorter time and at a lower cost under the double test of time and space compression.

　　China is a very unique sample. It has a huge territory, a long historical depth, a large population, multi-ethnic and multi-religious, and the high-quality genes of Chinese culture coexist with feudal dross. The difficulty of governing such a country is incomparable to other countries. Compared with the West, China’s problems show typical characteristics of "time-space compression".

　　Let’s look at time compression first. China has spent more than 30 years on the road that developed countries in the west have traveled for more than 100 years or even hundreds of years. The problems of corruption, environmental problems and the gap between the rich and the poor, which are concentrated in China today, have gradually emerged in the west for a long time span. For example, in the United States, separatist contradictions broke out in the 1860s, corruption in the late 19th century and early 20th century, and environmental problems broke out after World War II, while polarization has continued to this day and is becoming more and more intense. It can be seen that these universal contradictions are diachronic in western countries, but they have become synchronic in our country; The western ruling party can solve these problems in turn, but our party should solve them simultaneously, which obviously doubles the pressure on communist party. However, compared with western countries at the same stage of development and emerging economies at the same stage of development, China’s governance is much better, the severity of contradictions is much lighter and the cost is much smaller.

　　Let’s look at space compression. The development of China can only be planned based on its own territory, and the problem of China can only be solved by its own strength, which is totally different from the logic of the development of western powers. In the past, great powers supported their own development through colonial plunder. For example, Spain, Portugal, the Netherlands, France and Britain all developed under the support of huge colonies several times, ten times or even dozens of times larger than their own territories, and all tried their best to transfer and export domestic contradictions and risks to the whole world. Today, China can’t repeat the old road of colonial expansion, transferring risks and exporting contradictions by western powers. Peaceful development, risk sharing and mutual benefit are our only options; The development of China has not caused trouble to other countries, but has become a smooth ride for the development of other countries; In the past, China made "contributions" to the development of western powers through land cession, reparations and concessions. However, today, western countries set up many obstacles to our development through Xinjiang, Tibet, Taiwan, Hong Kong, terrorism, the South China Sea, exchange rate, market economy status, military threats and diplomatic containment. It can be seen that China is developing in the cracks of the West, and the Communist Party of China (CPC) is becoming more and more confident in meeting the challenges.

　　5. Dialectical wisdom of self-confidence of political parties.

　　Now, a few people lack the confidence of political parties. In my opinion, if we exclude the position factor, this kind of emotion still has its objective background. China does face many problems today, such as unbalanced regional development and challenges to solve; Corruption and the "four winds" problem once flooded the country, seriously overdrawing the people’s trust; Wait a minute. The Communist Party of China (CPC), as the ruling party, is also the responsible subject of course, and it seems natural for the board to hit itself.

　　So, how should we treat the problems existing in contemporary China? The author thinks that there is a methodological problem, that is, we must adhere to the scientific methodology.

　　First, we should look at the problem in a dialectical way. When you look at anything, you should say two words and oppose any one-sidedness The whole history of the Communist Party of China (CPC) has a major side and a minor side; There are both successes and problems. We should see both sides. At the same time, these "two sides" are primary and secondary, and they are important. Among them, achievements are the main ones, and problems are not the main ones. Looking at problems depends on the mainstream and grasping the main side. Looking at the Communist Party of China (CPC), we should not only boldly affirm our achievements, but also bravely face the problems. You can’t ignore the problem and be blind and confident because of your great achievements; We must not deny our achievements and lose confidence because of problems. It is wrong in method and dangerous in practice to take a one-sided view of problems and blame all problems on the Communist Party of China (CPC), and fail to see the uniqueness and comparative advantages of China’s political system.

　　The second is to look at the problem from the essential height. Everything, the phenomenon is intuitive and naked, and the key is to grasp the essence. Since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, the window has been opened, and fresh air will come in, as will flies and mosquitoes. The process of China going to the world is also the process of the world going to China. In this process, some negative things in the west will come with the wind, but the open China has not lost itself and alienated itself. For example, the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s political stance of putting the people first, the development goal of common prosperity, the value pursuit of fairness and justice, the great dream of national rejuvenation and the lofty ideal of communism have not changed. On the contrary, under the complicated background of "drastic changes in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe" and western containment, the Communist Party of China (CPC) defended and developed socialism. With his historic practice, the Communist Party of China (CPC) declared the end of the "final conclusion of history", the bankruptcy of "Western centralism", the bias of the linear historical view that "there is no other way but capitalism", the broad prospect of socialism in the 21st century and the broad value of Marxism in the world.

　　The third is to look at the problem from the historical trend. History always follows a tortuous road and rushes to the other side of the ideal. The problems faced by contemporary China belong to developing problems, which are symptoms of adolescence and growing pains. These problems can be effectively solved through the reform of various institutional mechanisms, the self-improvement and self-development of the socialist system, and the self-purification within the party. For example, building a well-off society in an all-round way has made us see the hope that all people can share the fruits of reform and development, comprehensively deepening reform has made us see the hope of modernizing the national governance system and governance capacity, comprehensively administering the country according to law has made us see the hope of building a China ruled by law, and comprehensively administering the party strictly has made us see the hope of building a clean and honest politics. In a word, China will constantly surpass the reality and tend to the ideal in the reform and development, which is the general trend of contemporary China and the great logic of historical evolution. Perhaps this process is gradual, but we are already on the right path.

　　6. Consolidate the confidence of political parties in the course of reform and development.

　　The problem is indelible and inescapable. Facing the problem directly, analyzing the problem and solving the problem are the logic of the problem development; When the old problems are solved, new problems will appear again, and so on. This is the logic of historical development.

　　Even if a political party has thousands of reasons, there is no reason why it cannot solve the outstanding contradictions and problems in society. History chose communist party because communist party confronted the "three big mountains" that weighed on the people of China at that time and solved the big problems of national independence, people’s liberation and people’s happiness that no other party could solve. The people chose communist party because communist party represents the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people and has solved the major problems of concern to hundreds of millions of people.

　　The self-confidence of political parties has never been established, and it cannot be regarded as something that has been completed and finalized; It is open, generated and unfinished, and party self-confidence can only be reasonably understood as a process, a process of continuous generation and continuous achievement.

　　History will not end, and reform and development will have confidence. Party confidence is not a slogan, but an action. Party self-confidence is essentially a kind of practical self-confidence. In other words, whether the Communist Party of China (CPC) has self-confidence depends on how communist party does it. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has dared to take responsibility and forge ahead, insisting on the goal of "two hundred years" and working day and night on the great journey of national rejuvenation. The supply-side structural reform kicked off, and the economic giant was moving steadily under the new normal of economic development; Precision poverty alleviation has become a national strategy, and poverty alleviation has been accelerated; Cure haze, defend the blue sky, blow the signal, and green China is put on the agenda. At the same time, the AIIB, which was established in China, was formally established and opened, actively promoted the implementation of the Belt and Road Initiative, participated in the reform of the global governance system, and promoted the building of a community of human destiny, with a growing circle of friends. The Communist Party of China (CPC)’s reform measures and development ideas not only focus on itself and the world, but also provide a "China plan" for mankind while solving its own problems, which promotes its own development and also drives the world to develop together. Every step forward in China’s reform and development will lay a solid foundation for the confidence of political parties.

　　In short, the confidence of political parties has never been innate, nor is it once and for all. Today, profound changes have taken place in the world, national conditions and party feelings, and the confidence of political parties cultivated in reality is more vital and lasting.

　　 (Author: Chen Shuguang, a professor at the Party School of the CPC Central Committee)

　　In the smoky restaurant box, Liangshan squinted and kept asking reporters about their identity information while smoking.

　　After repeated tests, he determined that the reporter was not a "fishing" policeman, and signaled his men to hand over the poppy shell in the paper bag to the reporter for inspection. He is still not at ease, let the reporter put his mobile phone aside to prevent candid recording. After inspecting the goods, he immediately asked his men to take the poppy shell in their arms. "What is good to say is selling Chinese medicine, and what is not good to say is drug trafficking, which is more risky than selling guns." He spit out one mouthful smoke and said faintly.

　　As a Chinese herbal medicine merchant with an entity company, Liangshan claims to have hundreds of kilograms of poppy shells in his hand, which will be supplied to vendors who make braised cooked food and a well-known catering brand every month.

The poppy shell of Liangshan (a pseudonym), a drug dealer.

　　This is the corner of the "black market" of poppy shells in China.

　　From the end of March to mid-May, 2021, The Paper went to many places to investigate and found that there were underground transactions of poppy shells in several major distribution centers of Chinese herbal medicines in China. Many Chinese herbal medicine merchants said that they had been supplying vendors or stores engaged in braised cooked food and breakfast for a long time at prices ranging from 500 to 700 yuan per catty.

　　In addition, The Paper search found that some online sellers from Yunnan and Gansu directly set up QQ groups with the words "poppy, opium, rice husk" to find buyers, inspect goods and sell them. There are also sellers who specially prepare dry spices containing poppy powder to sell all kinds of "secret" barbecue materials, lobster materials, pot-stewed materials and mala Tang materials online.

　　The market demand for poppy shells mainly stems from some catering businesses’ superstitious belief that adding poppy shells (powder and seeds) to food can "enhance taste and fragrance" and make diners addicted. However, some experts told The Paper that experiments show that the role of poppy shells is over-deified, and the rumored role of "enhancing fragrance and addiction" is actually not obvious. In addition, some studies have said that long-term use of soup containing poppy shell or its extract will cause chills, sweating, fatigue, sallow and emaciated, drowsiness and other symptoms, and cause people’s attention and memory function to decline. In severe cases, it may cause damage to the nervous system and digestive system, endocrine disorders, and even lead to respiratory arrest and death.

　　"What is not pleasant to say is drug trafficking."

　　The paper bag handed to the reporter by Liang Shanrang contained seven or eight white-brown poppy shells with good appearance, and the rustling of poppy seeds could be heard during shaking.

　　"I haven’t shaved." "Scraping pulp" in Liangshan refers to cutting milk pulp to extract opium after poppy fruit is ripe. After cutting pulp, there will be dark knife marks on the surface of poppy fruit. He pointed to one of the poppy shells and showed it to the reporter. There was no cut on the surface of the poppy shell.

　　Poppy is the main raw material for opium production, and its extract is also the source of many sedatives. Poppy shell (commonly known as big tobacco shell and rice shell) is the dried shell of poppy fruit, which is oval or bottle-shaped. Poppy shell contains alkaloids such as morphine, codeine, papaverine, etc. Although the content is smaller than that of opium, it will cause chronic toxic effects on human liver and heart if taken for a long time, and it is a drug controlled by the state. For a long time, the public security departments have severely cracked down on the illegal phenomena of smuggling, trafficking, transportation, manufacturing and illegal possession of poppy shells.

　　Liangshan said that he still has 600 kilograms of stock in his hand, and the poppy shells in his hand are basically bought from the elderly who secretly grow poppies in the countryside, and he also interplanted with other Chinese herbal medicines in a small amount, which is definitely better than the smuggled goods from the "Golden Triangle North Myanmar" area. He is the only one in the local area who has goods with another medicine dealer.

　　"Our jargon is called rice shell, not opium shell or poppy shell. You will know this as soon as you say it." At the inspection site, Liangshan explained that the anti-drug situation has been severe in recent years. In the past, there were two or three hundred yuan per catty of poppy shells on the market, but now it has risen to six or seven hundred yuan per catty, and it is constantly rising, which belongs to "valuable and no market".

　　Liangshan said that almost all his customers are introduced by acquaintances, usually catering businesses, and most of them sell braised dishes. A business does not want much at one time, which is only two or three kilograms. "Yesterday (March 22), a customer came and took 20 pounds of goods."

　　According to Liangshan, merchants will directly cook the soup with poppy shells, usually throwing them away after cooking twice, or grinding them into fine powder and mixing them with other seasonings in proportion to cook the soup. "Less useful and undetectable." Liangshan said that he would make ribs and stew at home and add poppy powder, or eat steamed bread dipped in poppy seeds.

　　During the conversation, Liangshan repeatedly claimed that the Beijing branch of a well-known hot pot restaurant brand took at least 500 kilograms of poppy shells from him every month and then distributed them to stores. The reporter expressed doubts about this, and Liangshan only showed the reporter the buyer’s WeChat circle of friends, showing that the other party often posted dynamic news about the catering brand.

　　Liangshan said that customers can’t deliver poppy shells separately after buying them, but also have to buy some spices such as octagonal cinnamon grass fruit, mix them and grind them into powder for delivery.

　　In addition, Liangshan said that the address left by the customer does not need to be written in detail, and he will use the logistics without inspection. "The packaging is tattered and nobody cares. After the logistics arrives at the receiving place, it will call the recipient." Because it is easy to be out of stock, customers need to say in advance that they are ready.

　　During the whole joint inspection process, Liangshan and his men were particularly vigilant and repeatedly told not to let their peers know that they were using this thing to prevent being "fired". If the business is known by a third person, there is no way to do it.

　　"When we first met, I was afraid you were a COP." After the goods were inspected, Liangshan asked the reporter to open the WeChat chat page contacted with him, returned the 500 yuan sincerity payment paid in advance, and forged a chat record: "I have no goods here, sorry." Then let the reporter and him delete each other’s WeChat, saying that they would contact each other directly by phone in the future.

　　"Just delete the WeChat record and you can adjust it." Liangshan said that because things are not formal, we must be cautious when contacting transactions. "To say that it is good to sell Chinese medicine, and to say that it is not good is drug trafficking, which is more risky than selling guns."

　　Liangshan told reporters a virtual number starting with 171, showing the area as Fuzhou, Fujian, and a real number starting with 147, saying that you can dial the number of 147 for private contact, and contact with the virtual number when talking about goods. On wechat, you can’t mention "poppy" when you deliver the goods, just say, "boss, is there any more goods?"

　　Because Liangshan claimed that a well-known catering brand got goods in bulk from it, considering the public food safety issues, the reporter immediately reported the information to the local police on the night of the unannounced visit.

　　In the same city as Liangshan, a man surnamed Zhang named "Yaojutang Pharmaceutical" on WeChat told reporters that his poppy shells here only cost 300 yuan a catty. Unlike Liangshan’s goods, although they also contain seeds, they are all broken into pieces, which can be sent to logistics and customers can come and get them.

　　"Delete the text sent by the above (WeChat) from your side, and just say (again) directly call it aniseed." The man surnamed Zhang said that he could have met for inspection or sent the poppy shell for inspection by taking pictures and videos, but now the police are strict and it is the first time to deal with it, so be careful.

　　On the evening of March 26, the anti-drug police and reporters opened the samples sent by Zhang’s boss. The outer layer of the package is tightly wrapped in a green woven bag, and the inner layer is wrapped in a black plastic bag after the outer package is torn open, and a hole in the plastic bag is cut to expose the white-brown debris. After the police sent the substance for inspection, they found that the sample sent by the man surnamed Zhang was indeed a poppy shell.

A shopkeeper surnamed Zhang sent a parcel by courier, full of white-brown fragments. The police sent it for inspection and found that it was indeed a broken poppy shell.

　　At present, the police have set up a task force to investigate the suspected illegal acts of Liangshan and the man surnamed Zhang.

　　Poppy shell "black market": many drug dealers claim long-term supply.

　　The poppy shell business of Liangshan and Zhang’s boss is only the corner of the domestic "black market" of poppy shells. According to the reporter’s investigation, this kind of business also exists in Chinese herbal medicine distribution centers such as anguo city, Hebei, Yuzhou, Henan and Zhangshu, Jiangxi.

　　At 9 o’clock on the evening of March 24th, on the main road from Baoding City, Hebei Province to anguo city, the county-level city under its custody, Yang Qi, a Chinese medicine dealer, rolled up his sleeves and drove a red BMW car while telling reporters about the precautions for trading poppy shells.

　　"Don’t say that you are from other places, and the local ones won’t sell you (poppy shells)." Yang Qi is not tall, born in 1998, and his face looks a little immature. Since October 2016, a company specializing in the wholesale business of Chinese herbal medicines has been registered. Yang Qi travels to and from the origin of various Chinese herbal medicines in China and sells them to pharmaceutical factories after purchasing them.

　　He said that in the past few years, there were many phenomena of trading poppy shells in this area. Because of frequent contact, drug dealers selling poppy shells can eat out whether they have added poppy shells or not. "You can know by smelling or eating them." In recent years, the police have cracked down more and more severely, and everyone is sneaking around. Without acquaintances to lead the way, sellers will not admit that they have goods.

　　After more than an hour, I arrived at a place called "Beigang Car Rental" in anguo city. Under the dim light of night, Elgin made a phone call and asked the other party to install two kinds of poppy shells with different specifications for inspection.

　　Ten minutes later, a man came by car. In the car, the man took out two packages of poppy shells with different specifications. By the dim light in the car, the reporter saw that there were seven or eight complete poppy shells in two transparent plastic bags, and the one with good quality was bigger. Slightly shaking, two bags can hear the rustling of poppy seeds.

　　Yang Qi said that the 30 kilograms of poppy shells he prepared for reporters were divided into two specifications. A kilogram with seeds of good quality is 1,700 yuan, and a kilogram without seeds or with fewer seeds is 1,550 yuan. "Once again, there are things mixed in it, so I don’t want to sell it." Yang Qi said that all the goods on hand were collected from other medicinal materials merchants by friends, and most of the goods came from Myanmar. "If the goods are used up, say three days in advance, 30 or 50 kilograms will do."

Yang Qi (not his real name), a medicine dealer in Anguo, Hebei Province, said that most of their poppy shells were smuggled in from Myanmar.

　　Yang Qi said that what he wants here is basically a catering business, and the proportion added to the catering needs to be adjusted, as far as possible.

　　In anguo city, Yang Qi is not the only seller of poppy shells. The reporter consulted a number of medicinal materials merchants in Anguo, and the other party said that they were "in stock".

　　Li He, whose net name is "Qi ‘ao Traditional Chinese Medicine", claims that poppy shells can be crushed into powder, and the minimum 1000 yuan is one kilogram, which requires cash transactions. He said that although it is illegal to trade poppy shells, he can legally purchase them in the name of a medicinal material dealer, mainly because the buyer has to ensure that there is no problem.

　　"They are all collected locally and can be seen in the store." Near the International Trade Center Square of Chinese Herbal Medicine in anguo city, the owner of "Guangtaihe Lengbei" medicine shop, after being introduced by Zhang Ying, a middleman, also told reporters that it was available.

A medicine dealer in anguo city took out half a bag of poppy shells.

　　At 8 o’clock in the morning of March 25, after talking with reporters in the medicine shop, the boss saw that there was no one around, turned around and took out a snakeskin bag from the back of the shop, unsealed it, and revealed a poppy shell of half a bag. The reporter grabbed two or three in the bag and found that the surface of these poppy shells was smooth, and there were no shallow cuts after "cutting pulp". Some poppy shells were broken and leaked black seeds inside.

　　After the reporter finished inspecting the goods, the boss immediately tied the mouth and took the snakeskin bag into the store. "How many goods do you want? Just communicate in advance." He said that the goods just shown to reporters are less than 30kg, which are all "new goods", that is, the goods received in the autumn of 2020, with 650 yuan per catty. After the cash transaction, he will help grind it into fine powder thicker than flour for reporters to take away, or send logistics, but logistics can only send three or five pounds at a time, which is too dangerous.

　　Zhang Ying, the middleman, said that buying and selling poppy shells must be cautious, and they arrested several people here after the year. The people who pick up the goods here are basically owners of restaurants and hot pot restaurants, or owners who sell braised pork, braised vegetables and barbecues. When communicating with customers, they don’t ask more questions. They are very direct: "Do you have, transfer money and arrange goods?"

　　It is more than 500 kilometers away from anguo city. In Yuzhou City, Henan Province, another distribution center of Chinese herbal medicines, there is also an underground trade in poppy shells.

　　On the evening of March 21st, the boss surnamed Chen of "Yuzhou Xing Medicinal Materials Store" told the reporter that he could get the goods here. Every catty of 300 yuan was stolen by the villagers, and they bought it from the village. Because the reporter wants a lot at one time, he needs to find someone to collect the goods. The boss surnamed Chen said that most of his customers are from the catering industry. To be on the safe side, they need to be powdered when picking up the goods.

The owner of WeChat named "Yuzhou Yuzhou Xing Medicinal Materials Store" Chen said that he could get the goods from him, with 300 yuan per catty.

　　He carefully changed a micro-signal to chat with reporters, saying that when picking up the goods, he needed to write "Gastrodia elata" on the goods, and he should also note "Gastrodia elata" when paying for the goods.

　　On the morning of April 30th, at another Chinese herbal medicine distribution center — — In Zhangshu City, Jiangxi Province, Pi Jun, who runs "Zhangshu Wuxin Chinese Herbal Medicine Planting Co., Ltd.", also claimed that he had poppy shells, both with seeds and without seeds, with a kilogram of 800 yuan or so, mainly because some merchants who make braised pork and braised dishes, barbecue and mala Tang have been getting goods from him.

　　Pi Jun was a little wary when he first contacted reporters, saying that he was worried about using poppy shells for drug trafficking, and he had to check the qualifications of restaurants before supplying them. "First of all, consider the risk, and you can’t earn much money." Pi Jun said that the investigation is very strict now, and it is not easy to get it. In the past, it was cheap to get it.

　　Some sellers sell online, and others specialize in "secret" spices.

　　If it is said that drug dealers are still very wary of secretly selling poppy shells offline, some online poppy shell sellers are even more courageous.

　　The reporter searched with keywords such as "big tobacco shell, poppy shell, big tobacco fruit, rice shell" and found dozens of QQ groups, with members ranging from dozens to hundreds. The names of these groups not only contain keywords searched by reporters, but also contain words such as "spices and seasonings", suggesting that they can be added to catering. Other QQ groups directly use pictures of poppy fruit or poppy shell as group avatars.

The Paper reporter searched with keywords such as "big tobacco shell, poppy shell, big tobacco fruit, rice shell" and found dozens of QQ groups with members ranging from dozens to hundreds.

　　"If you are in the snack business, if you are in the cooked food business, such as mala Tang and barbecue, if your business is not good, then you only need to join our seasoning to ensure that your business is booming." One of the QQ groups introduced this.

　　The reporter consulted a number of group owners or administrators. On March 20th, a group of administrators named "Sister Xiang" told reporters that she came from mangshi, Dehong Prefecture, Yunnan Province, and the poppy shell in her hand came from Myanmar, and the amount of bulk cargo was about 360 yuan per catty, and 500 yuan was needed per catty. She showed the reporter a complete sample of poppy shell in a "flash photo" way and quickly withdrew the news. People who are called catering and wholesale Chinese herbal medicines all get goods from her. If they sincerely buy, they can tell the specific use method.

The sellers on QQ all showed photos of poppy shells in the form of "flash photos", and then quickly withdrew the news.

　　On March 21st, another QQ group administrator also claimed that he had poppy shells from Myanmar, and 550 yuan had a kilo of postage. He also showed reporters a complete photo of the poppy shell in the form of "flashing photos", and then quickly withdrew the news, claiming that it could guide how to use it after purchase.

　　Different from the first two sellers, another QQ group administrator named "Gentleman" said that she came from Dunhuang, Gansu Province, and her goods came from Xinjiang. She can directly mail the complete poppy shell or grind it into powder and then deliver it, and 550 yuan can deliver it by one catty. "Write down local products, or medicinal materials and dry goods." She said that in order to avoid inspection, it is necessary to write false shipping information on the package.

　　After reporting to the public security organ, the reporter bought a catty of poppy shell samples from the three sellers. The logistics numbers provided by the three sellers show that they delivered goods from Kunming, Yunnan, Chengdu, Sichuan and Jiayuguan, Gansu by Best Express, Postal Service and Postal Service respectively. After the arrival of the goods, the police in the jurisdiction where the goods were received took the parcel back to the police station for further processing, and the reporter simultaneously fed back the suspected illegal clues to the police.

　　On the afternoon of April 29th, the reporter added a QQ group administrator nicknamed "Spice Ingredients" on WeChat, and several short videos with ground spices were posted every day in his circle of friends. The article said that it was to help customers prepare secret fine spices, including lobster sauce, marinated sauce, cold noodles and cold fabrics, barbecue sauce, fried skewers, mutton soup, mala Tang sauce and so on. The seller nicknamed "Spice Ingredients" on WeChat publishes several short videos with ground spices every day in the circle of friends, and the text is called the secret fine spices that help customers prepare.

　　The seller nicknamed "Spice Ingredients" on WeChat publishes several short videos with ground spices every day in the circle of friends, and the text is called the secret fine spices that help customers prepare.

　　He sent a reporter an address that was shown as "Chaoyang Non-staple Food Trading Zone" on Xining Road, Liangxi District, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, saying that he and his brother operated two dry spice shops here, which were specially equipped with "secret spices" for merchants. Poppy shells need to be ground into powder, and the ingredients such as star anise, fragrant leaves, fennel, cinnamon, codonopsis pilosula and tsaoko are ground into powder in proportion for delivery, and the price of other ingredients is calculated separately at poppy powder 280 yuan per catty. He showed reporters that in recent days, four merchants doing snacks such as cold salad asked them for screenshots of poppy powder’s WeChat chat, saying that about 40 pounds of poppy powder would be produced every month, and the customers were all from the Internet, and the number was not fixed. "Some of them didn’t come after using it once, saying it was too expensive, and they couldn’t see any effect."

　　His brother Li told reporters that many merchants who make mala Tang, barbecue and braised food always take a few kilograms of goods, and generally they will mix them with other spices in proportion. If they want more, they can grind them into poppy powder, and the buyers will match them themselves. Instead of express delivery, they will deliver them in person. Some merchants sell mala Tang, and they are accompanied by materials for cooking mala Tang; Some merchants make braised food, and they match it with the ingredients of braised food. Most merchants use one or two kilograms a month. Now he dare not store too much goods, and there are only more than 20 kilograms of poppy shells left on hand, all of which are after "cutting pulp". Every time he wants goods, he must say one week in advance.

　　On the morning of April 30, Li showed a video of grinding ingredients to reporters, saying that he was making secret grilled fish ingredients for a merchant in Guangzhou, with a total of 17 kilograms of ingredients, and the merchant gave poppy powder mixed with 3 kilograms. On the morning of April 30th, a QQ user named "Spice Ingredients" showed a video of ingredients grinding, which was called that a merchant in Guangzhou made secret grilled fish ingredients, with a total of 17 kg of ingredients, and the merchant asked poppy powder mixed with 3 kg.

　　On the morning of April 30th, a QQ user named "Spice Ingredients" showed a video of ingredients grinding, which was called that a merchant in Guangzhou made secret grilled fish ingredients, with a total of 17 kg of ingredients, and the merchant asked poppy powder mixed with 3 kg.

　　A QQ user nicknamed "There is nothing wrong with loving you" showed the reporter his poppy shell inventory, saying that many restaurants in China buy from him, and he has to ship hundreds of kilograms every month. "Make sure it’s easy to use and make your business hot." He recommended one of the buyers nicknamed "Jiahuang Potted Vegetable" on QQ to the reporter.

　　"Jiahuang pot-stewed food" claims that she is the proprietress of a pot-stewed food restaurant in Hengyang, Hunan Province. Five years ago, she set up a stall with her family to sell pot-stewed food, and the competitive environment of eight deli shops in the same market made her business not smooth. Later, she found out that a deli was using a big cigarette case, so she contacted the supplier in many ways.

　　The proprietress said that she changed three poppy shell suppliers in three years, and the third one was "there is nothing wrong with loving you" and took the goods for more than a year. At present, she runs three stalls of "Jiahuang Potted Vegetables", and buys about five kilograms of poppy shells at a time, about one kilogram of 600 yuan, which can last for three months.

　　(Liangshan, Elgin, Pi Jun and Zhang Ying are pseudonyms in the text)

On November 11th, this shopping festival, which started one month in advance, finally ushered in a "positive day". From consumers to businesses, the word that reporters hear the most is: quiet. That’s true. In previous years, shortly after the bell rang at 0: 00 on November 11th, "good news" frequently came from major electric merchants. However, this year, most platforms have chosen not to announce the specific transaction amount of double 11, and a series of late battle reports only tacitly indicate that "sales are still growing"-today’s double 11 seems to have really reached an inflection point.

From "Choose One from Two" to "Lowest Price"

Every year in double 11, it is accompanied by smoke, and this year is no exception.

This year, Tmall declared that "the lowest price of the whole network" is the core goal; Xin Lijun, CEO of JD.COM Retail, said: "It’s really cheap, close your eyes and buy"; Pinduoduo said, "It’s really cheap every day". The smell of smoke is full.

"It is easy to form vicious competition between merchants. I sell 16 pieces and he sells 15 pieces. The platform will definitely give traffic to the low price, but the problem is that the product quality is not necessarily the same, and bad money drives out good money." Some merchants said. In addition, what merchants are most afraid of is the exclusive "floor price agreement".

The so-called "floor price agreement" refers to the merchants.Promise to provide the lowest price of the whole domestic network for a specific platform during a specific promotion period.More than one e-commerce practitioner said that the "floor price agreement" is widespread, and the liquidated damages start from one million yuan.

This scene is a bit familiar. In 2015, on the eve of double 11, JD.COM reported to the State Administration of Market Supervision that Ali disturbed the order of the e-commerce market, saying that Ali asked the merchants on the platform not to participate in the promotion activities in JD.COM at the same time during their stay in double 11 that year, and a series called "Choose One from Two" began.

In 2018, Pinduoduo was also involved in the "two-choice" dispute. Pinduoduo accused Tmall of "choosing between two options" for merchants, which led to many merchants being forced to withdraw from activities in Pinduoduo, take off their goods and close their flagship stores. Tmall said that the "alternative" did not exist, and Pinduoduo was "touching porcelain".

"The e-commerce platform’ two choices one’ actually has no choice." A person in charge of a children’s wear brand said, "If you don’t choose a certain platform, you will be restricted by this platform immediately. We are targeting at brands that specialize in stocking online. This kind of blow is really great. But the fact is that only one platform can’t provide enough traffic. Of course, multi-platform development is the best. "

The turning point appeared in 2021. In that year, the State Administration of Market Supervision said that Alibaba Group abused its dominant position in the market and imposed a penalty of 18.228 billion yuan on the online retail platform service market in China.

When businessmen thought of faithful wife, they never thought that "choose one from two" would become a "bottom price agreement". Amid the smoke, some merchants have figured out an account: the daily operating profit is not high, but double 11 needs to hire anchors, buy traffic, and the platform’s pit fees … It is tantamount to "losing money and earning money". As a result, more and more businesses choose to "lie flat", and double 11 has gradually become the competition of head enterprises, and small and medium-sized businesses are increasingly marginalized.

Consumer: There is no answer to the "lowest price"

For consumers, double 11 is not only a choice between two, three, or even "multiple choices", because the "lowest price" also has a premise.

If you want the lowest price, you need to pay a deposit first and then enjoy the discount. Red envelopes, shopping vouchers and full reduction thresholds must meet the standards; Even the same product of the same merchant at the same time has different coupons, or whether it is a platform member, such as JD.COM Plus or Tmall 88VIP, or even different pages. For example, if you place an order through Taobao’s 10 billion subsidy page, the commodity prices may be different …

Therefore, for consumers, multi-platform price comparison is not enough. "Shuttling between major live broadcast rooms and switching back and forth between Tmall, JD.COM and Pinduoduo is my daily routine after work recently." Some consumers said.

There is also a criticized pre-sale mechanism: pay the deposit first, and then pay the final payment. In the eyes of consumers, each node needs to pay the time cost.In addition to waiting for the pre-sale, you must not forget the time of paying the final payment, otherwise the deposit will be difficult to return; Some consumers have found that the pre-sale price that they are waiting for is not the lowest price, and they feel "cheated".

"The wool is on the sheep. To put it bluntly, double 11 is a business after all. " Some merchants told reporters that the platform has to make money and the merchants have to make money. The thousand-layer "routine" is aimed at consumers’ wallets.

In 2009, Taobao tried "double 11" to create a shopping festival that has been popular for 15 years. Nowadays, double 11 comes earlier every year, but consumers are confused. How to buy the cheapest?

Double 11 needs "new connotation"

Do we still need double 11 today? The answer is still yes.

The 2023 double 11 Report released by Accenture, a consultancy, shows that with the recovery of consumption and the continuous release of consumption potential, China’s consumer market has a bright future. "double 11, as the largest online consumer node in the whole year, is undoubtedly a battleground for global consumer brands".

From the data point of view, as of the afternoon of November 11, Tmall had 402 brands with a turnover of over 100 million yuan, with a year-on-year growth rate of over 38,000 brands exceeding 100%; JD.COM said that the cumulative sales of about 300 brands have exceeded 100 million yuan, and a large number of brands and businesses still maintain a high-speed sales growth trend.

Accenture believes that for brand merchants, double 11 is no longer just a sales peak, but also a special operation node. Stimulating user interest, improving user experience and enhancing user stickiness have become more critical competitive factors. Therefore, brands and platforms should inject new connotations into double 11.

The new connotation of double 11 is obviously not the "lowest price", but the healthy development of the whole industry and the establishment of a positive consumption cycle of "high-quality and low-price goods supply, meeting consumer demand and making money for businesses".

"double 11 has entered a platform period and reached a turning point where everyone wants to seek some kind of change. The dispute over low prices is obviously meaningless. This industry war will ultimately serve the technological and ecological development of the entire e-commerce industry. " Cui Lili, executive director of the Institute of Electronic Commerce of Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, said that today, the digital economy has become a key track for enterprise growth. Double 11, as a key node of online consumption, should perhaps be transformed from a shopping carnival into a testing ground for innovation capability of major platforms.