"Over the years, the province’s ecological environment system has thoroughly implemented the supreme leader’s ecological civilization thought, coordinated the promotion of high-quality economic development and high-level protection of the ecological environment, and coordinated the three articles of pollution control, greening and blank space. The province’s ecological environment has achieved a historic change from serious overdraft to obvious improvement." On September 13th, the Jiangsu Provincial Ecological Environment Protection Conference was held in Nanjing, and the beautiful Jiangsu construction was fully deployed, said Yin Rongyao, deputy director of the Jiangsu Provincial Department of Ecological Environment.
Living in Jiangsu, we can feel more personally that the quality of ecological environment in Jiangsu is constantly improving in the new decade, and people and nature are living in harmony here-now, blue sky and white clouds have become the norm, green water and green mountains are within reach, and the water quality in Jiangsu section of the main stream of the Yangtze River has remained stable at Grade II all the year round, and we can often see the "smiling angel" Yangtze finless porpoise playing in Jiangsu section of the Yangtze River.
Jiang Meng, secretary-general of the Nanjing finless porpoise aquatic biological protection association, said that Nanjing is the only city in China where wild finless porpoises live stably in the downtown section. Last year’s background resources survey of Nanjing Yangtze finless porpoise provincial nature reserve showed that the number of living finless porpoises in Nanjing section of the Yangtze River has now reached 62, accounting for 10.4% of the total number of finless porpoises in the main stream of the Yangtze River, which is one of the highest distribution densities of finless porpoises in the whole main stream of the Yangtze River, and the number has increased by 24% compared with five years ago.
The Yangtze finless porpoise is an indicator species of the Yangtze River ecosystem. In the past, due to the intensification of human activities, the ecological environment of the Yangtze River basin was once seriously damaged, and the Yangtze finless porpoise population was also endangered. The increasing number of Yangtze finless porpoises reflects the change of ecological environment in the Yangtze River. In recent years, remarkable achievements have been made in the improvement of the ecological environment in the Yangtze River Basin in Nanjing, and beautiful transcripts have been handed over: in 2022, the water quality of 28 tributaries entering the river all reached the standard, of which 18 tributaries entering the river mainly reached Grade III and above, and the excellent proportion of water quality in 42 national and provincial examination sections in the city was 100%, ranking first in Jiangsu Province.
In terms of "pollution control", Nanjing has implemented the "4+1" project of ecological environment pollution control: urban sewage and garbage treatment, chemical pollution control, agricultural non-point source pollution control, ship pollution control and tailings pond pollution control projects; In terms of "bank management", Nanjing requires all units along the Yangtze River to "not let a drop of sewage enter the Yangtze River". Since 2016, the cumulative production coastline of the Yangtze River has been cleared by 37.6 kilometers, and the proportion of ecological coastline has increased from 66.2% to 80.3%; In terms of "fishing management", Nanjing resolutely implemented the major task of "10-year fishing ban" on the Yangtze River and strictly implemented the 10-year fishing ban policy in the "one river, two lakes and three rivers" area. At present, all 219 fishing boats in the Nanjing section of the Yangtze River and the aquatic life reserve have been withdrawn, and all 1,366 fishing boats and 2,675 fishermen in the Yangtze River basin have been withdrawn from the shore, achieving 100% of the four aspects of "fishing boat withdrawal, fishermen withdrawal, social security resettlement and employment resettlement".
It is worth mentioning that in terms of biodiversity protection, Nanjing focuses on the systematicness and integrity of the ecological elements in the Nanjing section of the Yangtze River, and makes "addition" in ecological capacity, ecological function and biodiversity to continuously improve the ecological environment and ecological function of the Yangtze River. Since 2016, more than 3,000 mu of wetlands have been restored every year, totaling more than 20,000 mu. Four provincial wetland parks, including Chishan Lake, Dongping Lake, Longpao Lake and Shijiu Lake, have been built successively, and the natural wetland protection rate has exceeded 70%. Since 2021, Nanjing has launched a city-wide biodiversity "touching the bottom" campaign. Up to now, a total of 2,995 species have been investigated and recorded, including 84 species of wildlife under state protection in Nanjing. In 2022, the number of fish species in the Nanjing section of the Yangtze River increased by 6 species compared with the previous year, and the resource abundance increased by nearly 50%-the "circle of friends" of the Yangtze finless porpoise is constantly expanding.
Nanjing Yangtze finless porpoise provincial nature reserve starts from Xinjizhou in Jiangning District in the west and reaches Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge in the east, with a total area of 86.92 square kilometers. In recent years, the protected area has further built and improved the three-dimensional protection monitoring system of "underwater and shoreline", which has greatly increased our chances of seeing the Yangtze finless porpoise.
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