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At present, there is an urgent need for the development of scientific and technological innovation in China. On the one hand, it is necessary to break through the international technical blockade and move forward from "China catching up" to "China leading" technological innovation path; On the other hand, it is to solve the practical problems of economic and social development and meet the needs of high quality of life and production.

For this reason, scientific and technological innovation can not only be solved by scientists in universities alone, but also requires the full participation of subjects facing the forefront of economic and social development, especially enterprises.

Through school-enterprise cooperation, the core scientific problems behind the key technologies needed for development can be solved, and at the same time, new technical routes can be defined or generated based on the reality of China, thus forming the core capability and the most appropriate development of China’s innovation system.

However, at present, the education management department focuses on patents, papers and vertical projects, which is not conducive to stimulating the motivation and willingness of universities and researchers to cooperate with enterprises.

Therefore,We should adjust the evaluation orientation of scientific research tasks in education departments and change "breaking five talents" into "establishing many talents"The application rate of patented technology, the cooperation projects, the establishment of technical enterprises by colleges and universities, horizontal projects and the joint construction of laboratories by schools and enterprises are all included, and the positive signals to encourage school-enterprise cooperation are released from top to bottom.

First, the necessity of strengthening school-enterprise cooperation

Scientific and technological innovation is the core of the overall situation of national modernization, and colleges and universities, as the key combination point of the first productivity of science and technology, the first resource of talents and the first driving force of innovation, have the resources and ability to serve the real productive forces of society. To serve the real productive forces of society, colleges and universities need to face a series of means to curb the rise of China’s science and technology in the western world, break through the technical containment and solve the technical problem of "sticking the neck"; It is also necessary to base itself on the real market demand and solve the problem that the theoretical research of colleges and universities is out of touch with the real market technology.

In this regard,School-enterprise cooperation is a key link.-The enterprise, as the main body, faces the market directly, understands the market demand, and hopes to apply scientific research to practical production. Therefore, universities and enterprises have strong adaptability and complementarity in scientific and technological innovation. School-enterprise cooperation can accelerate the transformation from basic research to applied research and truly transform the scientific and technological knowledge generated in universities into practical productivity.

But in reality, colleges and universities lack the motivation mechanism to cooperate deeply with enterprises.One of the main reasons is that the education department focuses on the theoretical research and teaching needs of colleges and universities, and the incentive for applied research in cooperation with enterprises is weak.

Generally speaking, the education department evaluates universities as the basis of university level and funding, including the number of "hat" talents, the number of professors, the number of discipline points, the results of discipline competitions, the number of provincial and ministerial-level projects initiated, and the number of international high-level papers published. University evaluation researchers take this as the basis of professional title evaluation, and tend to the number of class hours, the number of papers, the number of vertical projects and so on.

From the education department, to universities, and then to researchers, the top-down index assessment signals the importance of theoretical research and academic discussion, which makes universities and researchers lack motivation and willingness to conduct technical exchanges and R&D cooperation with enterprises.

In the long run, it will further aggravate the disconnection between scientific research and technical reality in colleges and universities, and continue to reduce the willingness of cooperation between schools and enterprises, resulting in the persistent problem of "two skins" of technology and production.

Second, the education sector’s scientific research task orientation is not conducive to school-enterprise cooperation.

The assessment of scientific research tasks in colleges and universities by education management departments focuses on patents, papers and vertical projects. Among them, patents are generally based on the number of authorized patents; Most papers are considered in the form of high-quality representative works; Projects focus on provincial and ministerial-level vertical projects, among which the number of projects of the National Natural Science Foundation is an important symbol to measure the scientific research strength of colleges and universities.

But whether it is patents, high-quality papers or vertical projects, in fact,They all focus on scientific and technological theoretical knowledge and are less directly linked to the technology market.These are not conducive to innovative breakthroughs in economic and social problems.

1. The number of patents granted as a basis for evaluation, the lack of patent transfer and transformation of the evaluation link.

In the absence of a clear grasp of patent quality, attaching importance to quantity or proceeding from quantity is an important reason for the proliferation of "sleeping patents" and the situation of "quantity without quality".

"Low-quality patents" often serve a project, a year-end assessment or a promotion of professional titles, but only fail to serve the solution of technical problems and the improvement of production efficiency. This just confirms that the current situation of patent proliferation and "quantity without quality" is not conducive to school-enterprise cooperation, because low-quality patents are difficult to apply to the market, occupy researchers’ energy, and are full of the evaluation system of higher education system.

2. As the evaluation content, high-quality papers lack guidance and attention to the topic selection.

In recent years, colleges and universities in China have gradually shifted from the number of papers in the past to high-quality masterpieces as an evaluation of academic ability. This is a great progress and reform. However, periodical papers and technical reality follow different research routes-periodical papers pay more attention to the progress of original theoretical knowledge and basic research, while technical reality pays more attention to market demand and application value of knowledge.

When the assessment orientation focuses on the quality of papers, it will indeed promote the progress of technical theory to a great extent, but paying too much attention to high-quality papers is not conducive to joint innovation between universities and enterprises. The so-called high-quality papers start with the ranking of journals, and the entry of top journals can naturally be called high-quality papers, but there is not much attention to the topic selection of papers.

Some applied engineering papers to solve the technical problems of enterprises, small technological breakthroughs in cooperation with enterprises,Often limited by the narrow theme, the lack of original basic theoretical breakthroughs and so on, it missed the top publication.This is actually a typical obstacle to the in-depth cooperation between college teachers and enterprises.

3. As a requirement for evaluation, the level and quantity of vertical projects lack encouragement and support for horizontal projects of enterprises.

Vertical projects and horizontal projects are essentially for scientific research, both of which are scientific research funds, but their levels and levels are quite different because of different sources of funds.

Vertical projects come from the government and horizontal projects come from the market.

The level and quantity of vertical projects, ranging from determining the scientific research level of an institution to determining the promotion assessment of a researcher, are also related to the evaluation of academic titles such as Jie Qing, You Qing, Changjiang Scholars and even academicians, and their importance is self-evident.

Horizontal projects can only be used as a supplement to scientific research funds, and have little effect on the development of institutions and researchers. With this downward trend, the attraction of school-enterprise cooperation is naturally greatly reduced.

Third, adjust the scientific research task orientation of the education department and encourage and promote school-enterprise cooperation.

Here, we still have to affirm the important value of patents, high-quality papers and vertical projects as assessment indicators. But,Some task orientations that are beneficial to school-enterprise cooperation can be added to the assessment, such as the application rate of patent technology, the cooperation system of revealing the list, the establishment of technical enterprises by colleges and universities, the entrustment of horizontal projects by enterprises and the joint construction of laboratories by schools and enterprises.These task orientations are particularly prominent in the science and technology innovation system of the United States, the world’s number one science and technology power.

The most typical examples are the "128 Highway" in the United States and the school-enterprise relationship in Silicon Valley. The core of "Highway 128" is the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the northeastern United States.（MIT）, Harvard University, Boston University and other research universities, which encourage scientists and graduate students to develop research projects with commercial value, engage in part-time consulting activities and set up enterprises. Raytheon, Polaroid and sensor companies were founded by teachers and students of local universities.

The Silicon Valley in California is developed from the post-war electronic industry cluster, where famous enterprises like Intel, Hewlett-Packard and Lockheed are gathered, which are in close contact with universities in Silicon Valley.(such as Stanford University, University of California, Berkeley, San Francisco)There are close links in cultivating talents together, establishing joint laboratories, incubating research results and patent transfer.

Major companies in silicon valley. Source: Wikimedia commons Author: Samykolon

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Thanks to the close cooperation between schools and enterprises, the vitality of scientific and technological innovation in the United States has been stimulated to the maximum extent, and the scientific and technological dividend has been continuously fed back into social and economic production.

Then, how to strengthen the effectiveness of school-enterprise cooperation and stimulate the vitality of school-enterprise cooperation through the above indicators?

First of all,At the institutional level, the education management department can increase the indicators of school-enterprise cooperation in the scientific research assessment of colleges and universities, and set the assessment weight.

We can add the application rate of patent technology, the number of outstanding projects, school-level technical enterprises, horizontal projects and the number of laboratories jointly built by schools and enterprises to the assessment indicators, thus enriching the diversity of assessment contents.

Especially, the application rate of patent technology and the number of technical enterprises at school level are obviously more difficult than other indicators, so we can increase their assessment weight and improve the attention of colleges and universities from the index weight.

Secondly,Colleges and universities should set up professional and independent technology and innovation centers themselves.

Technology and innovation center should enjoy independent financial and personnel rights, and directly connect with major departments and laboratories in the school. At the same time, the Technology and Innovation Center should also invite technology transfer experts with backgrounds in science, engineering, finance, law and other disciplines. Their main tasks are to identify high-value patents, grasp the quality of patents in the field, connect value patents with enterprises, and jointly explore the patent application market for enterprises. At this point, the practice of Stanford University Technology Transfer Center has fully proved its value and effect.

of course，It is difficult to establish a complete and efficient technical transformation and application system.Therefore, the education management department can carry out pilot aid construction in "double-first-class" colleges with technological advantages, and focus the pilot scope on the ace applied engineering.

Researchers must also pay attention to the motivation and willingness of school-enterprise cooperation. In this regard, to enhance the willingness of researchers to participate in school-enterprise cooperation,It can be encouraged in scientific research achievements and evaluation time.

The first is the evaluation of applied engineering teachers. It can focus on the number of diagnoses of industrial technical problems, the number of market applications of patent achievements, and the number of research institutes or laboratories jointly established with enterprises.

Second, the number of horizontal projects entrusted by enterprises is also included in the evaluation system. Attach importance to and assess the application value of horizontal projects. The evaluation requirements for patent quality should also be added to the vertical project, and the newly established technology and innovation center can undertake the quality control requirements.

Third, the establishment of laboratories by schools and enterprises and the creation of enterprises with technological achievements are all achievements that take a long time to show, so the evaluation time of researchers in these projects can be relaxed.

Finally, it is necessary to enhance the ability of researchers to participate in school-enterprise cooperation.We can try to establish a "revolving door" system for school-enterprise technicians.

One solution is to reach a cooperation intention with enterprises on a certain category of industrial application scenarios, and set aside more than two years for technical personnel of both schools and enterprises."technical holiday"Conduct rotation research, give time and space for both parties to fully understand their theoretical knowledge and product requirements.

Through long-term familiarity and research on the production line, scientific and technological experts in colleges and universities can make theoretical technology and laboratory technology more grounded and focused, and make them more suitable for industrial processes and needs. Technical experts from enterprises can also enter colleges and universities. This not only strengthens theoretical study, but also brings project research in colleges and universities closer to the market, and makes the training of engineering students closer to the market.

Another solution isCo-constructing laboratory.The technical research of the laboratory directly falls into the production workshop of the enterprise, so that the technical experts of colleges and universities and enterprises can directly cooperate face to face on technology, debug the production line and jointly cultivate students.

Fourth, from "breaking five-dimensional" to "establishing multi-dimensional", clarify the direction of scientific research tasks in the education sector.

The application rate of patent technology, the cooperation system, the establishment of technical enterprises by colleges and universities, the horizontal projects entrusted by enterprises and the laboratory jointly built by schools and enterprises can not only verify the importance and support of colleges and universities for school-enterprise cooperation, but also verify whether the technology transfer institutions in colleges and universities are sound and perfect. ??

The top-down system transmission can feed back whether the researchers in colleges and universities have a strong willingness to cooperate with enterprises and whether they have the ability to cooperate with enterprises.

Therefore, incorporating the above indicators into the evaluation system of scientific research ability of colleges and universities by the education department can convey a positive signal to encourage school-enterprise cooperation, and encourage college researchers to turn part of their vision to market demand, thus responding to the practical problems of China’s economy and society.

At the moment of "breaking the five-dimensional" educational evaluation reform, we believe that we should realize the "multi-dimensional" evaluation system. In addition to the only papers and hats in scientific research evaluation, patent authorization, transformation and application of achievements, high-quality papers, vertical projects, projects that highlight the list, school-level technical enterprises, horizontal projects, and laboratories jointly built by schools and enterprises are all included in the multi-dimensional indicators.

On the one hand, the establishment of multi-dimensional index system enables researchers with two different technical routes, basic research and applied research, to have an evaluation grasp.Make the indicators more holistic and scientific.

On the other hand, improving the attention of all walks of life to school-enterprise cooperation can solve the realistic dilemma of western technology blockade by stimulating the vitality of school-enterprise cooperation. At the same time,Respond to the realistic problems of economy and society.

This article comes from WeChat WeChat official account:IPP review (id: IPP-review), Author: Zhang Ruomei (institute for public policy, Assistant Research Fellow, South China University of Technology)

The 618 War was in full swing, and consumers’ enthusiasm for "buying in buy buy" reached a climax in the middle of the year. Compared with previous years, this year’s 618 has more peace of mind and comfort for consumers.

The refrigerator of Ms. Li, a consumer in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, has been used for some years, and sometimes the refrigeration is not complete. Because of her busy work and the trouble of finding someone to carry it, Ms. Li has never had time to replace it.

Taking advantage of this year’s 618, Ms. Li changed her refrigerator through Suning.cn’s trade-in service. According to Ms. Li’s past experience, it is often necessary to contact and coordinate different people to replace old appliances, and it will take many trips. The long waiting time for the replacement of old and new appliances will also affect the use. However, unlike the expected cumbersome process, it took Ms. Li less than a day to change the old refrigerator from the old one. By placing an online order for trade-in, the whole process can be done at once without leaving home, and there is no delay in use.

This is the convenience brought to Ms. Li by the service upgrade of Suning 618. Before 618 this year, Suning.cn completed the launch of one-stop trade-in, differential payment, cross-category trade-in and other special services. The one-stop trade-in service enjoyed by Ms. Li this time is the service upgrade made by Suning.cn in view of the pain points of consumers’ actual trade-in.

One-stop replacement service: solving the pain points and difficulties of consumers

After work on Friday night, Ms. Li bought a new refrigerator through Suning.cn APP at a price of 3,999 yuan. She chose the old-for-new purchase option and entered the old machine evaluation function page. She chose the opposite-to-door refrigerator model corresponding to the old refrigerator, discounted the old machine and added the old-for-new subsidy from Suning.cn. The system directly deducted 180 yuan. Ms. Li actually paid 3,819 yuan for the new machine and made an appointment for a one-stop replacement service at 4: 00 on Saturday afternoon. Suning after-sales staff brought the new refrigerator to the door and recovered her old one.

Like Ms. Li, consumers’ demand for trade-in is increasing. Especially with the coming of summer, ice-washed air-conditioning household appliances are also welcoming new trends. Because the replacement of household appliances often involves handling, disassembly and installation services, the convenience and professional operation of the old-for-new service also put forward higher requirements for service providers.

In this context, platforms have started to upgrade their services. Take Suning.cn as an example. First, in April this year, the latest version of the trade-in service was launched.

In April this year, Suning.cn launched the latest version of the trade-in service. At the same time, in May, it quickly upgraded its service functions and increased subsidies. The one-stop trade-in service for ice washing products has covered nearly 50 cities across the country, and the 3C one-stop trade-in service has covered nearly 200 cities.

Literally speaking, trade-in involves two simple steps, namely, "collecting the old ones" and "exchanging the new ones", but the actual operation includes many steps, such as door-to-door dismantling, old machines returning, recycling, new machine delivery, new machine installation, and price evaluation in the process. In the past, the old-for-new service enjoyed by consumers was mainly "two-step". After completing a series of links such as discounting old appliances and purchasing new products, the recycling of old appliances and the door-to-door installation of new appliances should also be divided into two steps, and different links should be served by different service personnel.

"One-stop" service has realized the integration of trade-in and trade-in. Users can complete the evaluation of old household appliances on Suning.cn APP, select the new products they want to buy, and directly see the exchange price after deducting subsidies and other benefits on the page. Discount old household appliances, pay the difference to buy a new one, drag old ones and send new services to your door at one time. In this way, the transaction link of home appliance replacement can save two steps, the performance link can save one step, and the conversion rate of replacement is expected to double. For consumers, the whole process of trade-in can be realized with one click and one stop online, which saves the time for many people to find someone and wait, saving time, worry and convenience.

Service specialization: trade-in is more standardized and transparent.

Behind the realization of one-stop service is the improvement of after-sales service ability and the overall upgrade of the system. At present, in China, Suning has integrated more than 700 localization partners and 7,270 certified engineers, covering 2,942 districts and counties, with a maximum of 50,000 jobs per day.

Liang Ming is a service engineer of Suning. He joined Suning with his father in 2015 and formally joined Suning in 2017. He is mainly responsible for the service of Nanjing jiqingmen area. The introduction of one-stop trade-in service has put forward higher requirements for Liang Ming’s service capacity. Need to be more considerate for consumers, but also have the ability to deal with various technical problems of disassembly.

Recently, Liang Ming received a trade-in order for Mr. Liang’s old refrigerator. Mr. Liang first found a master who repaired electrical appliances at the gate of the community. "The door-to-door fee is 300, no matter whether it is good or not, it is 300. It costs 500 yuan to replace the compressor, 700 yuan for materials, 200 yuan for freon, and the warranty is only three months. I have heard a lot about it, so I won’t repair it, just trade in the old one. "

Mr. Liang suffered a big loss in old electrical appliances. For convenience, he once looked for a small recycler to recycle the air conditioner near the community. "Call them to charge for recycling, and the air conditioner was dismantled in half. I temporarily said that I would increase the price. If I don’t add it, I will leave and I won’t put it back. What do you think I should do?" In addition to being slaughtered, Mr. Liang also met the elderly to carry home appliances. "When I lifted my waist, I flashed."

After that, Mr. Liang resolutely "only looked for regular units, who were punctual and hygienic." We all know that old household appliances can’t sell any money, but your service is good, it is definitely good, and people just want to save trouble. "

For the service of consumers, Liang Ming pays more attention to details besides constantly improving his professional skills. He often contacts customers half an hour in advance according to their agreed time. As the epidemic situation in COVID-19 is still repeated in various places, it has become the door-to-door service standard for Suning’s trade-in engineers to show their electronic number plates, wear shoe covers and wear masks. Every quarter, Suning will also organize Liang Ming, a service engineer, to conduct training on service specifications and professional skills.

From the upgrade of trade-in services to the standardized training of terminal services, it is not difficult to see that in the face of the new development opportunities in the trillion-dollar market and the trade-in service experience that needs to be improved urgently, Suning.cn has made full use of big data, intelligent marketing and standardized operation to build the platform capacity of trade-in services and support the large-scale development of trade-in services.

In the next step, Suning.cn will also support partners to build capacity and cooperate flexibly through ecological opening, improve business efficiency and user satisfaction, and jointly promote the value of building a green circular economy system. The value of trade-in is not only released to serve consumers, but also to serve the industrial chain, the ecological circle and the whole society.

Today I’m bringing you a domestic car. Now let’s follow Xiaobian to see what it has done.

Let’s look at the appearance of Seal 06 first. The front face of Seal 06 presents a tough design style and looks very capable. Coupled with the stylish and generous headlights, it is in line with the aesthetics of consumers. The car is equipped with LED daytime running lights, automatic opening and closing, adaptive far and near light, delayed closing and so on. Coming to the side of the car, the size of the car body is 4830MM*1875MM*1495MM. The car adopts solid lines, giving people a very delicate feeling. With large-sized thick-walled tires, the shape is quite simple. In the rear part, the rear of the car echoes the front of the car, and the taillights give people a very spiritual feeling and create a good atmosphere.

Sitting in the car, the interior looks very fashionable and dynamic, giving people a very streamlined feeling. The steering wheel of the car is well designed and made of leather, which gives people an impulse to control it. From the central control point of view, the 15.6-inch central control screen is used for decoration, which makes the interior style impressive and conforms to the temperament of the car. The interior feels good, and then look at the dashboard and seats, which is very eye-catching. The car uses leather seats, which are wide and thick, and the overall ride feels soft and comfortable.

Seal 06 is equipped with car networking, driving mode selection, remote control key, Bluetooth key, NFC/RFID key, indoor atmosphere light, traction control (ASR/TCS, etc.) and other configurations, which can be said to be quite satisfactory.

The Seal 06 introduced today is not only eye-catching in space, but also has reached the mainstream level in various configurations, and there is nothing to be picky about driving experience and space experience. Today, you can go to the 4S shop to experience this car.

Choosing a new species, you may not be able to get around a seven-series car. There are so many cars with 7 in their names, which one is more advanced in performance and technology? Let’s compare this year’s very hot, extremely krypton 007 and.

Coincidentally, the top models of these three cars with "7" in their names are all priced at 299,900 yuan. Below, let’s compare the top models of these three cars. What are the big differences?

Who has stronger motivation for the performance dispute?

Extreme Yue 07, Extreme Krypton 007 and Xiaomi su7, these three cars are the main performance cars, so let’s start with the performance comparison.

The three cars are both front induction asynchronous and rear permanent magnet synchronous dual motors. The electric motor of Krypton 007 comes from Quzhou Polar Electric, the electric motor of Xiaomi SU7 comes from Suzhou Huichuan, and the electric motor of Extreme Yue 07 comes from Weirui, a subsidiary of Geely, which is the motor supplier of most electric vehicles under Geely. The total power of the front and rear motors of Extreme Yue 07 is 530 kW, while the total power of Extreme Krypton 007 is 475 kW and that of Xiaomi SU7 is 495 kW. The gap between them is still quite large.

Let’s look at the endurance performance again. The three models are the same. The CLTC cruising range of the 93.4kWh battery of Extreme Yue 07 is 770km, while that of the 100kWh battery of Extreme Krypton 007 is 660km, and that of the 101kWh battery of Xiaomi SU7 is 800km.

Not only does it have strong performance, but the overall size of the Extreme Yue 07 also exceeds that of the other two cars. The body size of 1475/3013/1710 and the wheelbase of 3013 give the Extreme Yue 07 a more comfortable driving experience in the car.

In addition, in terms of warranty service, Extreme Yue 07 has the first vehicle owner’s lifetime warranty, Extreme Yue 07 and Extreme Krypton 007 have the first vehicle owner’s lifetime warranty, while Xiaomi SU7 only has the warranty policy of five years or 100,000 kilometers, eight years or 160,000 kilometers. Among the three cars, the warranty of Extreme Yue 07 is the most reassuring to the owners.

Chassis dispute, regardless of the cost of the control experience is the best.

Whether you are galloping on the highway or walking through the city streets flexibly, you need excellent chassis design and suspension adjustment if you want to have stronger sports performance. In terms of chassis architecture, Extreme Yue 07 is based on the vast architecture platform of Geely SEA, and there are many models of Volvo and Extreme Krypton. Therefore, Extreme Yue 07 has an overall chassis adjustment level that can stand the test.

Extreme Yue 07 and Extreme Krypton 007 have front double wishbone and rear multi-link independent suspension, while Xiaomi SU7 is the front double wishbone and rear five-link suspension. The structure of multi-link independent suspension is complex, and the manufacturing process requires high requirements, so the cost is relatively high.

In contrast, the structure of five-bar suspension is relatively simple, the manufacturing process requirements are low, and the cost and price are relatively low. Relatively speaking, Extreme Yue 07 has better handling and comfort performance.

In the battle between wisdom and driving, smart car robots are the first choice.

At present, the level of intelligent driving has become an important indicator for users to purchase new energy vehicles. Being positioned as the most "smart" automobile robot in China smart cars, Extreme Yue 07 is superior in intelligent driving ability.

In terms of intelligent driving hardware, the three cars have extremely equivalent basic components. On this basis, the environmental awareness camera of Extreme Yue 07 is 8 million pixels, while that of Xiaomi SU7 is 3 million pixels. As we all know, the main function of the environment-aware camera is to realize the intelligent driving function. By sensing the surrounding environment of vehicles, including roads, vehicles, pedestrians, etc., the environment-aware camera can assist the automobile intelligent control system to realize the intelligent driving function. Extreme Yue 07 claims to be the only one in the world with automatic parking shift function. Based on the perception ability of intelligent driving system, it makes a fusion judgment on the obstacles and passable areas in the front and rear of the vehicle, and then allows the vehicle to output the target gear, which provides greater convenience for drivers.

In addition, Xiaomi SU7 used three millimeter-wave radars, five for Extreme Krypton 007, nine for Extreme Yue 07, and two more cameras in the car. Because millimeter-wave radar can penetrate rain, fog and obstacles, and provide more accurate distance and speed measurement capabilities, it is more applied to the ultra-07 of millimeter-wave radar, and it also has more powerful intelligent driving assistance functions. All four doors are equipped with high-cost independent millimeter-wave radar, so the doors can automatically identify external obstacles, so as to control the opening distance and ensure that there will be no rubbing and collision when opening the doors. In winter, if the door is frozen because of freezing rain or snow, you can also take the initiative to break the ice. The maximum breaking power is above 500N, and you won’t worry about it in extremely cold areas and weather. In addition, the millimeter-wave radar can also judge the objects approaching from the rear, such as bicycles and motor vehicles outside the car, and make an early warning. It will also automatically increase the damping of the door opening and actively avoid the occurrence of danger.

Tram circle comments:

The AI Smart Car, which combines the superior resources of Baidu, Geely and Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited, has a price of 209,900 to 299,900 yuan. However, the limited cash reduction of 10,000 yuan introduced during the same period of listing makes it more cost-effective compared with its peers. Coupled with the advantages of control, performance and intelligent driving, Extreme Yue 07 has received keen attention since its listing. The ultra-Vietnamese brand also started to strengthen its sales in May, and the delivery volume achieved a leap-forward growth for three consecutive months in July, August and September. After the explosive growth of Xiaomi SU7 in June, the growth momentum has leveled off in July, August and September. Fierce competition has started, and Extreme Yue 07 has stronger competitive strength in the mainstream battle of three performance cars.

Billion-level market is worth deep cultivation.

When choosing the target of agency products, its market depth and breadth are one of the most important considerations.

According to statistics, the national personal care market has an annual market size of about 80 billion yuan. Electric shaving, which is known as the "king of personal care", is the most important category, with a market size close to 30 billion yuan. With the development of industries and sub-categories, the new demands of consumers are constantly being met, and the market scale is still growing.

Category innovation hits the blue ocean of the market directly

No matter domestic or foreign brands, they have not upgraded their products for more than years, and they are clumsy in size, outdated in appearance and traditional in art, and generally make batteries/power cords/special charging stands inconvenient to carry and use every day.

In 2017, Xiaomi Eco-chain enterprise Xumei Technology was founded, and the "debut" product Mijia ultra-thin portable shaver, the pre-sale sales exceeded 40,000 units, and the sales in that year exceeded 500,000 units. This product is not only compact, but also the first to be equipped with a Type-C charging port. Since then, the category of "portable shaver" has been formally established in the market, and the Type-C charging port has been gradually applied to some razors.

Distinctive competition with distinctive characteristics

Traditional razor brands have been in the market for many years, and it is difficult for new brands to compete with them. Beard shaver focuses on the characteristics of "fashion and portability", which is different from traditional categories in product positioning, scenes and attributes, and specializes in "the second knife for men" and the personality choice of the next generation of youth. When people think of razors suitable for travel, or young people want to find different choices from their parents, beard shaver can make everyone shine.

Up to now, more than ten products have been launched in two series. Almost every one comes standard with IPX7 waterproof, all-metal body, Type-C charging, long battery life, boot protection and other functions. It has won many awards and is also loved by consumers. Among them, the T3 series of beard turbine shaver alone has created sales of 300 million.

Own factory, deep research and development

Unlike the "online celebrity" brand that has sprung up in the market in recent years, Xumei Technology is also a research and development enterprise with its own factory. It is a rare razor brand with complete self-developed reciprocating razor technology in China.

Because of the high research difficulty and large investment, reciprocating shaver has always been synonymous with the high-end shaver market. Some international brands of reciprocating shavers cost three or four thousand yuan at a time, and Xuman Technology has filled the gap in domestic reciprocating shavers and pulled the unit price of its products within one thousand yuan. With the improvement of people’s consumption power, the market share of reciprocating razors is rising, and opportunities are gradually emerging.

(Editor: cubnzjh)

　　Xinhuanet Beijing, December 28 th, 2017 has been "insufficient balance". Over the past year, the Ministry of Education has issued a number of new policies around the hot and difficult issues of central concern, social concern and people’s concern, and promoted new breakthroughs in key areas and key links. A few days ago, the Ministry of Education announced the annual work inventory, and 20 tasks added another bright color to the development of education in China.

　　In January, the State Council issued the 13th Five-Year Plan for the Development of National Education, which is a programmatic document guiding the national education reform and development during the 13th Five-Year Plan period. The Plan defines the guiding ideology, basic principles, main objectives and main themes of the education reform and development in the 13th Five-Year Plan, and proposes that by 2020, important progress will be made in education modernization, and the overall strength and international influence of education will be significantly enhanced, which will push China into the ranks of powerful countries in human resources and talents and lay a solid foundation for realizing the long-term goal of China’s education modernization in 2030.

　　2. Accelerate the construction of "double first-class"

　　In January, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Finance and the National Development and Reform Commission issued the Implementation Measures for Promoting the Construction of World-class Universities and First-class Subjects as a Whole (Provisional). In late September, the list of "double-first-class" universities and disciplines was published, with 42 first-class universities, 95 first-class disciplines and 465 disciplines. In the new historical period, the construction of "double first-class" is of great significance to improve the development level of higher education in China, enhance the core competitiveness of the country and lay a long-term development foundation.

　　3. Revise the regulations on the management of college students.

　　In February, the Ministry of Education issued the newly revised Regulations on the Management of Students in Colleges and Universities. This comprehensive revision has made great efforts to enhance the pertinence, standardization, scientificity and operability of the Regulations, timely reflected and embodied the new ideas, ideas and strategies of the central government on higher education, adapted to the new needs of economic and social development, and reflected the new changes in higher education and management. The implementation of the new "Regulations" will play an important role in maintaining the normal education and teaching order in schools, safeguarding students’ rights and interests, standardizing students’ behavior and promoting their all-round development.

　　4. Strengthen and improve ideological and political work in colleges and universities under the new situation.

　　In February, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued "Opinions on Strengthening and Improving Ideological and Political Work in Colleges and Universities under the New Situation", which is of great significance for adhering to the Party’s educational policy, adhering to the socialist direction of running schools, adhering to moral education, strengthening ideological guidance, taking root in running universities in China, comprehensively promoting all the work of Party building, and effectively managing the Party and strictly implementing it. In February, the Party Group of the Ministry of Education issued the "Standards for the Party Construction of Students in Ordinary Colleges and Universities" and in August issued the "Opinions on Strengthening the Party Branch Construction of Teachers in Colleges and Universities under the New Situation", as an important measure to deepen the comprehensive and strict management of the Party and extend it to the grassroots level of colleges and universities. In September, the Ministry of Education revised and promulgated the Regulations on the Construction of Counselors in Colleges and Universities by ministerial order, which is an important institutional arrangement to further strengthen the construction of counselors in colleges and universities and enhance their professional level and professional ability. In December, the Ministry of Education issued the "Outline for the Implementation of the Quality Improvement Project of Ideological and Political Work in Colleges and Universities" to effectively build the "Top Ten" education system and get through the last mile of education. The Ministry of Education has also designated 2017 as the "year of teaching quality of ideological and political theory courses in colleges and universities", continuously improving the affinity and pertinence of ideological and political course teaching and enhancing college students’ sense of acquisition of ideological and political courses.

　　5. The plan to popularize education in senior high school started.

　　In March, the Ministry of Education and other four ministries and commissions jointly issued the "High School Education Popularization Plan" (2017— In 2020), it is proposed that the gross enrollment rate of high school education in China will reach more than 90% by 2020. The key to tackling the problem is to ensure the basics, make up the shortcomings and promote fairness. The key point is to improve the popularization level of poverty-stricken areas, ethnic minority areas, remote areas and old revolutionary areas in the central and western regions, ensure the educational opportunities for students with financial difficulties, disabled students and their accompanying children, and solve outstanding problems such as the high proportion of large classes in ordinary high schools, the continuous decline in the enrollment ratio of vocational education, and the difficulties in school operation. The implementation of the plan is of great significance and far-reaching influence for popularizing high school education, further improving the overall quality of the people, the competitiveness of the labor force, and building a strong country with human resources.

　　6. Deepen the "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" reform in the field of higher education.

　　In March, the Ministry of Education and other five departments jointly issued "Several Opinions on Deepening the Service Reform in the Field of Higher Education", aiming at the deep-seated problems in the reform and development of higher education, such as discipline, establishment, post, employment, job title evaluation, salary distribution, and use of funds, further delegating power to local and universities, loosening the burden and simplifying the burden, so that schools can have greater autonomy in running schools. Deepening the "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" reform in the field of higher education is a clear requirement of the State Council, an important measure to deepen the comprehensive reform of higher education, and an inevitable requirement to implement and expand the autonomy of running universities.

　　7. Implement the third preschool education action plan.

　　In April, four ministries and commissions, including the Ministry of Education, jointly issued the Opinions on Implementing the Action Plan for the Third Pre-school Education, making comprehensive arrangements for the reform and development of pre-school education during the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan, focusing on solving the problems of poverty alleviation areas, new population concentration areas in the two-child policy and kindergarten construction in the urban-rural fringe. It is proposed that by developing inclusive kindergartens and other measures, the gross enrollment rate will reach 85% and the coverage rate of inclusive kindergartens will reach about 80% in 2020.

　　8. Strengthen the construction of safety risk prevention and control system for kindergartens in primary and secondary schools.

　　In April, the General Office of the State Council issued the Opinions on Strengthening the Construction of Safety Risk Prevention and Control System for Kindergartens in Primary and Secondary Schools. The Opinions systematically designs and comprehensively stipulates the overall requirements of school safety risk prevention and control, risk prevention system, risk management and control mechanism, accident and risk resolution mechanism, leadership responsibility and risk resolution mechanism, aiming at building the campus into the sunniest and safest place, which is of great significance for effectively safeguarding the personal safety of teachers and students, ensuring the safety and order of the campus and promoting social harmony and stability.

　　9. Promote the provincial people’s governments to perform their educational duties.

　　In May, the General Office of the State Council issued the Measures for the Evaluation of the People’s Government at the Provincial Level in Performing its Educational Duties, which evaluated the leadership, management, guarantee and promotion of the development and stability of education by the provincial government, and the evaluation results served as the basis for the assessment of the leading bodies of the government and relevant departments. The "Measures" clearly define the evaluation objectives, standardize the evaluation process, and strengthen the accountability of assessment, which is of great significance for promoting the provincial people’s governments to fully and correctly perform their educational duties according to law and ensuring the implementation of the national education policies.

　　10. Deepen the collaboration between medical education and promote the reform and development of medical education.

　　In July, the General Office of the State Council issued the Opinions on Deepening the Collaboration between Medical Education and Further Promoting the Reform and Development of Medical Education, which was the first time to issue a document on the special work of medical education reform and development in the name of the State Council. The Opinions defined 14 reform tasks in four aspects, and put forward specific reform measures around comprehensively improving the quality of personnel training, comprehensively optimizing the structure of personnel training, strengthening the macro-management of medical and educational cooperation, and promoting the close combination of personnel training and use. It focuses on the major and deep-seated problems faced by the reform and development of medical education, and is a major reform with overall, strategic and leading significance, focusing on the construction of a healthy China.

　　11. Improve the development level of special education.

　　In July, the Ministry of Education and other seven departments issued the Second Special Education Promotion Plan (2017— 2020). The Promotion Plan clearly defines three key tasks: improving the special education system, enhancing the security capacity of special education, and improving the quality of special education. It proposes that the enrollment rate of compulsory education for disabled children and adolescents will reach more than 95% by 2020 by giving priority to regular school attendance, special education school attendance and door-to-door delivery. In addition, in April, the "Regulations on the Administration of the National Unified Examination for the Admission of Disabled Persons to Colleges and Universities (Provisional)" was promulgated, which provided reasonable convenience for disabled candidates who took the college entrance examination.

　　12. Improve the cultural exchange mechanism between China and foreign countries in the new era.

　　In July, the meeting of the Central Leading Group for Comprehensively Deepening Reform deliberated and adopted "Several Opinions on Strengthening and Improving Humanities Exchanges between China and Foreign Countries". After that, the State Council of China issued a document, emphasizing the need to innovate the high-level humanities exchange mechanism, reform the content, form and working mechanism of humanities exchanges in various fields, and integrate the concepts of humanities exchanges and cooperation into all fields of foreign exchanges. In 2017, six high-level people-to-people exchange mechanisms between China and Russia, China and the United States, China and Britain, Central Europe, China and France, and China and Indonesia were further consolidated, and the high-level people-to-people exchange mechanisms between China, South Africa and China and Germany were launched for the first time, serving the country’s reform and development and foreign strategy, demonstrating China characteristics, China style and China style.

　　13. Further strengthen compulsory education to control dropout and protect education.

　　In July, the General Office of the State Council issued the Notice on Further Strengthening the Control of Dropouts and Improving the Consolidation Level of Compulsory Education. The "Notice" makes arrangements for improving the consolidation level of compulsory education and ensuring the development of compulsory education, emphasizing the need to focus on the construction of a working mechanism to control dropout and protect education, and to avoid dropping out of school because of school weariness, poverty and inconvenience. This is a powerful measure to increase the support for compulsory education in rural areas, especially in areas such as the old, the young and the poor, and is of great significance to building a well-off society in an all-round way and winning the battle against poverty.

　　14. Strengthen and improve moral education in primary and secondary schools.

　　In August, the Ministry of Education issued the Guide to Moral Education in Primary and Secondary Schools. The Guide puts forward the goal of moral education at different levels, emphasizes the pertinence of moral education, and highlights the organic connection and gradual progress of moral education. The publication of the Guide will play an important role in improving the long-term mechanism construction of moral education in primary and secondary schools and comprehensively improving the level of moral education in primary and secondary schools.

　　15. The textbooks compiled by the three subjects of compulsory education are put into use.

　　Since September 1st, the Ministry of Education has organized a new textbook of three subjects — — Compulsory education ethics and rule of law, Chinese and history have been examined and approved by the National Textbook Committee and put into use in the initial grades of primary and secondary schools nationwide. The textbooks of "Three Subjects" attach importance to cultivating and practicing socialist core values, implementing Chinese excellent traditional culture education and strengthening revolutionary traditional education. Compiling unified textbooks is an important decision of the central government, an important measure to educate people, and the need to improve the quality of education.

　　16. Deepen the reform of the education system and mechanism.

　　In September, the general offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council issued the Opinions on Deepening the Reform of Educational System and Mechanism, aiming at the outstanding problems and key points of all kinds of education at all levels, clearly proposing to systematically promote the reform of educational methods, school-running models, management systems and guarantee mechanisms, and making efforts to improve the basic institutional system in Socialism with Chinese characteristics, so as to make all kinds of education at all levels more in line with the laws of education, the laws of talent growth and the all-round development of people, and to provide institutional guarantee for the development of modern education with China characteristics and world level.

　　17. Strengthen the comprehensive management of bullying among primary and secondary school students.

　　In November, 11 departments, including the Ministry of Education, jointly issued the Plan for Strengthening the Comprehensive Management of Bullying among Primary and Secondary School Students. The Governance Plan clarifies the definition of student bullying, puts forward specific measures to prevent it, standardizes disposal procedures, clarifies disciplinary measures for different situations of student bullying, and establishes a long-term mechanism and clarifies the division of responsibilities. This is of great guiding significance for implementing the prevention and control of bullying among primary and secondary school students and building the campus into the safest and sunniest place.

　　18. Implementation of management standards for compulsory education schools

　　In December, the Ministry of Education issued the Standards for the Management of Compulsory Education Schools, which comprehensively and systematically sorted out the basic requirements for the management of compulsory education schools in China for the first time. The standard defines the main management responsibilities of the school from six aspects: safeguarding students’ equal rights and interests, promoting students’ all-round development, leading teachers’ professional progress, improving the level of education and teaching, creating a harmonious and beautiful environment, and building a modern school system, including 88 specific contents such as "adhering to the principle of admission without examination" and "implementing balanced classes". The promulgation and implementation of the Management Standards is of great significance to comprehensively improve the quality of compulsory education, promote the balanced development of compulsory education, standardize the school-running behavior of compulsory education and comprehensively improve the development level of compulsory education.

　　19. Deepen the integration of production and education

　　In December, General Office of the State Council issued Several Opinions on Deepening the Integration of Industry and Education. For the first time, the Opinions clarified the policy connotation and institutional framework of deepening the integration of production and education, integrated education first and talents first into various policies, and improved the promotion mechanism of the integration of production and education. Deepening the integration of production and education will promote the development of vocational education and higher education, strengthen the cultivation of innovative talents and technical skills talents, give better play to the leading role of education in supporting industrial transformation and upgrading, and further promote the coordinated development of education and economy and society.

　　20. Start the ten thousand teachers’ teaching program in Tibet and Xinjiang.

　　In December, four departments, including the Ministry of Education, jointly issued the "Implementation Plan for Ten Thousand Teachers in Tibet and Xinjiang", and the first batch of 4,000 teachers were planned to be sent to Tibet, Xinjiang and Corps. The implementation of this plan will effectively alleviate the contradiction of the shortage of excellent teachers in the recipient areas of Tibet and Xinjiang, and promote the education and teaching level of recipient schools in Tibet and Xinjiang.

　　CCTV News:At present, the number of newly confirmed cases in the world has rebounded for the second week in a row, and the number of newly infected local people in China is still at a high level, and the scope of the affected cities continues to expand. The National Health and Wellness Commission stressed that it is necessary to continue to adhere to the "dynamic zero clearing", at the same time improve the level of scientific and precise prevention and control, and constantly optimize the epidemic prevention and control measures.

　　Improve the ability of early warning and response to epidemic situation and realize social zero clearing as soon as possible

　　At present, the epidemic situation in Jilin City and Changchun City is in the stage of sustainable development, and the epidemic situation in Shanghai, Hebei, Fujian and Liaoning is growing rapidly. The epidemic situation in Qingdao, Weihai, Zibo, Shenzhen and Dongguan in Guangdong has been initially controlled. The epidemic situation in Beijing, Chongqing and Zhejiang tends to be stable. The National Health and Wellness Commission said that it is necessary to continue to adhere to the general policy of "dynamic zero clearing", improve the ability of epidemic monitoring, early warning and emergency response, scientifically organize nucleic acid and antigen testing, and promote that infected people should be fully collected and close contacts should be separated, so as to realize social zero clearing as soon as possible.

　　Establishing enterprises in epidemic-free residential areas in Quanzhou, Fuzhou to prevent and control production

　　In order to coordinate the prevention and control of epidemic situation and economic and social development, Fuzhou and Quanzhou are actively promoting the establishment of epidemic-free communities, communities and enterprises. Party member cadres, community workers and residents take the initiative to participate in social control of epidemic prevention and protect healthy homes. The enterprise carries out nucleic acid detection on employees once every two days, adopts a separate meal system for dining, and carries out all-round disinfection on workshops and factories every day.

　　Shenzhen optimizes prevention and control strategies to ensure "steady growth" with "precise prevention"

　　On March 24th, Shenzhen achieved the first social "dynamic clearing" since the current epidemic. On the basis of continuously optimizing epidemic prevention and control measures, Shenzhen has taken 30 specific measures to help all walks of life to restore production and business activities and normal working order in an orderly manner, and to ensure "steady growth" with "precise prevention".

　　Shandong: The prevention and control of epidemic situation is stabilizing and improving, and the hoof of returning to work and resuming production is steady.

　　At the press conference held on the afternoon of March 25th, the Information Office of Shandong Provincial People’s Government said that Binzhou City had achieved "dynamic zero clearing" for three consecutive days, and the situation of epidemic prevention and control in the province was further consolidated. Prior to this, Laixi in Qingdao had achieved social clearing. As of the 23rd, the recovery rate of industrial enterprises above designated size reached 93%.

　　Continuously improve the level of accurate prevention and control of zoning, grading and differentiation

　　The analysis pointed out that the current situation of epidemic prevention and control in China is still very complicated. It is necessary to continuously improve the level of accurate prevention and control by zoning and grading, quickly and effectively deal with the clustered epidemic in some areas, strive to achieve the maximum prevention and control effect at the minimum cost, and minimize the impact of the epidemic on economic and social development.

On January 14th, passengers stopped at Chongqing West Railway Station. Xinhua News Agency reporter Wang Quanchao photo

On 14th, Spring Festival travel rush officially kicked off in 2025. A record-breaking "world’s largest population migration" with an estimated 9 billion person-times began to take place in China, and the "floating China" once again showed its full vitality.

According to the forecast of China’s transportation department, in the 40-day Spring Festival travel rush, the cross-regional personnel flow of the whole society will reach 9 billion passengers, and the passenger traffic of railways and civil aviation is expected to exceed 510 million passengers and 90 million passengers respectively, both reaching record highs.

This year is the first Spring Festival travel rush after the successful application for World Heritage during the Spring Festival, and it is also the Spring Festival travel rush with an 8-day Spring Festival holiday. "The demand for travel such as visiting relatives and traveling will be further stimulated, and the passenger flow in Spring Festival travel rush will continue to grow on the basis of last year’s high base." Yang Zhusong, an associate researcher at Tsinghua University Institute of National Studies, said.

China has made joint efforts from many places and departments to ensure a convenient and warm trip to Spring Festival travel rush. Beijing railway station improves the way of passengers entering and leaving the station and improves the traffic efficiency; Shenzhen North Station cooperates with China Railway Express and Shenzhen Airport to set up service points. Passengers can check in and check their luggage immediately after getting off the high-speed rail.

The high-speed railway with a mileage of 48,000 kilometers is the main force in Spring Festival travel rush. In 2024, a new high-speed railway line of 2,457 kilometers was put into operation in China, making it more convenient for passengers to travel in Spring Festival travel rush.

In shanghai hongqiao railway station, Wang Qinran’s family took the G1627 train back to their hometown of Huzhou to visit relatives and have a holiday. The Shanghai-Suzhou-Lake high-speed railway connecting the Yangtze River Delta was opened at the end of 2024, and it only takes about one hour to return to Huzhou from Shanghai. "Not only is the driving time reduced by half than before, but the number of optional trains has also increased significantly. Spring Festival travel rush is very comfortable this year. " Wang Qinran said.

In 2025, self-driving travel will occupy the main position in Spring Festival travel rush, and it is estimated that the scale of cross-regional self-driving travel will reach 7.2 billion. With the successful application for the World Heritage in the Spring Festival, it has become a new year’s way for many people to bring their families to go on road trip and experience different folk customs in different places. According to the data of Zhongxin Tourism Group, the number of people traveling in the Spring Festival in 2025 is expected to increase by 46%.

Guo Wei and his family drove north from Tangshan, Hebei Province. On the first day in Spring Festival travel rush, he arrived in Fuxin, Liaoning Province to experience folk tourism. He was very interested in local activities such as paper-cutting and posting Spring Festival couplets.

On January 14th, passengers displayed their Spring Festival ornaments in the waiting hall of Guangzhou South Railway Station. Xinhua News Agency reporter Deng Hua photo

"The successful application for the World Heritage has added a special flavor to the Spring Festival." Guo Wei said that his trip to Spring Festival travel rush will continue in the next few days. "We plan to drive all the way to Harbin to deeply experience the folk customs of the Spring Festival in Northeast China".

Influenced by favorable factors such as the new policy of 240-hour visa-free transit and the increase of entry and exit ports for visa-free transit personnel, the popularity of "China Travel" has not diminished, and more and more foreign faces have appeared in the "Spring Festival travel rush Army". According to a report by Ctrip, the number of foreign tourists’ travel orders in China in the Spring Festival of 2025 increased by 203% year-on-year.

Polish tourist Magdalena and his family were waiting at Shanghai Pudong Airport on the 14th, preparing to fly to Shenyang to start a trip to Northeast China. In the next few days, they will also take the high-speed train to Anshan and other places.

"I have heard of Spring Festival travel rush in China, and it feels very special to catch up this time. You can enjoy the beautiful scenery along the way, appreciate the folk customs and have a different experience." Magdalena said.

　　Zhongxin Jingwei Client August 28th On the 28th, Hongkou Branch of Shanghai Public Security Bureau informed that Huang Yiqing had been arrested for drug trafficking and drug abuse. Earlier, Yi Huang Qing once said that Shanghai Economic Investigation Police acted as Zhou Libo’s "protective umbrella" and was punished by administrative detention, but later admitted that it was a fabrication.

　　Hongkou Branch of Shanghai Public Security Bureau reported that Huang Yiqing, male, aged 34, was the ex-husband of actor Crystal. After being punished by the public security organs according to law for spreading false statements on the Internet, he continued to publish false statements through the Internet, and his behavior was suspected of causing trouble. On August 3, Hongkou Public Security Bureau criminally detained Huang according to law. After further investigation, the public security organs found that there were still illegal and criminal acts of selling and taking drugs to others in Yi Huang.

　　According to the data of Tianyancha, Huang Yiqing is a shareholder in four companies, of which one catering management company has been revoked, one industry and trade company has been cancelled, and the other two are in a state of existence, namely Shanghai Xindongli Super Run Automobile Club Co., Ltd. and Shanghai Jiajia Investment Management Co., Ltd.

　　Sky eye check screenshot

　　Among them, Huang Yiqing works as a supervisor in Shanghai Xindongli Super Run Automobile Club Co., Ltd., with an investment ratio of 70%, and works as an executive director and general manager in Shanghai Jiajia Investment Management Co., Ltd. with an investment ratio of 50%. The ultimate beneficiaries of both companies are Yi Huang Qing himself.

　　Sky eye check screenshot

　　Sky eye check screenshot

　　It is worth noting that Shanghai Yujia Catering Management Co., Ltd., of which Huang Yiqing is a shareholder, was twice listed in the list of abnormal business operations because it failed to submit the annual report information as required; And on October 17, 2016, he was administratively punished by Shanghai Fengxian District Market Supervision Administration for self-suspension for six consecutive months. (Zhongxin Jingwei APP)

The reference news network reported on December 17. The US media said thatWeapons that can kill people without direct human participation, the so-called "lethal autonomous weapons" will soon appear.

According to the US Forbes biweekly website reported on December 15, on September 14, 2019, a small number of drones attacked the Hureis oil field and the Bougueg refinery in Saudi Arabia. In addition to disrupting 5% of the world’s crude oil production, the attack also highlighted some challenges brought by the use of these remote-controlled weapons.

The report said that the first is that it is difficult to be accountable. Nearly three months after the incident, it is still unclear who made the attack. Like hackers in cyber warfare, the attackers left almost no trace. Another problem is that such weapons are small in size and relatively low in cost, so they may be attractive to a small group of militants or terrorists and some countries.

The report said that this is scary enough. However, in view of the current development direction of the arms industry, these concerns cannot be compared with those that may arise in the future.

As the Dutch NGO "Peace" pointed out in a report published a few weeks ago, the world is on a dangerous path, and those weapons that can kill people without direct human participation, the so-called "lethal autonomous weapons", will soon appear. The more common name of this kind of weapon is "killing robot".

According to the report, this nickname is misleading to some extent, reminiscent of fantasy things such as "Terminator" in science fiction movies. In fact, these tools are similar to more traditional deadly devices: unmanned combat aircraft, tanks, submarines; What has changed is not the shape of the weapon, but its degree of autonomy. At present, completely autonomous offensive weapons have not been deployed in actual combat, but machines are becoming more and more advanced, and the dependence on human control is decreasing.

Profile picture: T-800 hunting robot in the sci-fi movie Terminator. (Forbes biweekly website)

Profile photo: The Turkish "Cargou" attack four-axis UAV was unveiled at the exhibition. (Turkish Ministry of Defence website)

One example is the "Cargou" autonomous attack four-axis UAV developed by the Turkish state-owned enterprise STM. According to reports, it will be deployed in the border area adjacent to Syria in eastern Turkey in 2020. According to an article in the Turkish newspaper Freedom, each "Cargou" fleet will consist of 30 drones, all of which are equipped with artificial intelligence and facial recognition systems. Depending on the coordinates or images of the target, these Cargou UAVs will be able to complete all tasks autonomously. Fortunately, human operators can still choose to "abort the mission" and "return to the base" at all stages of the drone attack.

According to the report, Russia’s T-14 Amata main battle tank is equipped with unmanned turrets and computerized systems, so it is often regarded as another equipment case that will soon achieve complete autonomy-although some people doubt whether this will really make it more effective on the battlefield.

Perhaps not coincidentally, countries such as Russia, Israel and the United States strongly oppose banning the development of "killing robots" in advance. The United Nations discussed the issue of pre-banning such weapons at a meeting in Geneva in November.

As The New York Times pointed out in a recent special report, the measures to ban blinding laser weapons in advance were successful. Therefore,Theoretically, this ban may also apply to "killing robots". The general public awareness and strong support for the ban may change the situation, which is what is missing at present.

[Extended reading] Lifting the ban on "killing robots"? The US military AI development strategy involves ethical disputes.

The reference news network reported on February 15. According to the British "Daily Mail" website reported on February 14th, the US military hopes to expand the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in the war, but said that it will pay attention to the deployment of this technology according to national values.

According to the report, in a 17-page report, the Pentagon explained how to inject artificial intelligence into future military operations and how to keep up with the technological progress of Russia and China in the future.

The report entitled "Using Artificial Intelligence to Promote Our Security and Prosperity" marks the first time that the Pentagon has formulated a strategy on how to deal with the rise of artificial intelligence.

The strategic plan calls for accelerating the use of artificial intelligence systems in the whole army and carrying out a series of tasks, from intelligence gathering actions to predicting maintenance problems of fighter planes or ships. It urges the United States to rapidly advance such technologies before they are weakened by other countries.

"Other countries, especially China and Russia, are also investing heavily in artificial intelligence for military purposes, including those applications that have been questioned by the outside world in terms of international norms and human rights," the report said.

The report makes little mention of automated weapons, but quotes a military directive in 2012 that requires manual control. A few countries, including the United States, have been obstructing the international community from setting a ban on "killing robots" at the United Nations. One day, this completely autonomous weapon system may wage war without human intervention.

The United States believes that it is too early to try to regulate "killing robots".

The report believes that the strategic report released by the Pentagon this week focuses on more immediate applications, but even some of them have triggered ethical debates.

After Google’s internal protests led the technology company to withdraw from the Maven project last year, the Pentagon encountered obstacles in the field of artificial intelligence. Maven project is to analyze aerial images of conflict areas by using algorithms.

Other companies are trying to fill this vacuum, and the Pentagon is working with artificial intelligence experts in industry and academia to formulate ethical guidelines for their artificial intelligence applications.

Todd Probert, vice president of artificial intelligence department of Raytheon, said: "Everything we see is decided by human decision makers."

Probert said: "The project is using technology to help speed up this process, but it has not replaced the existing command structure."

（2019-02-15 10:29:27）

[Extended reading] Expert warning: Killing robots may lead to an arms race or lead to the massacre of civilians.

The reference news network reported on November 21. The British "Star Daily" website published a report entitled "The Killing Robot Arms Race" on November 17th.

An artificial intelligence expert revealed that the United States, Britain, Russia, Israel and other countries are involved in a competition to build a killing robot army.

From self-shooting guns and drones to remote-controlled super tanks, prototype robots in the United States and Russia have been successfully built and ready to go. And humanoid robots on the battlefield will only appear in a few decades-and outline a terrible prospect for the world.

Noel sharky, honorary professor of artificial intelligence and robotics at the University of Sheffield in the UK, told SciDev.Net: "An arms race has begun."

Sharky said: "What we are seeing now is that the United States, Israel and Russia (the killing robot arms race) has begun. If these things appear, then they may accidentally trigger war at any time. "

He also said: "How can we ban them? You can put these things on hold forever, but they only need to be recharged to start again. "

Nowadays, artificial intelligence robots are setting off a craze around the world. Professor sharky is worried that the research and development of killing robots may also have such an amazing speed. Therefore, he is leading a global movement to ban killing robots.

After this website disclosed the latest development-American robots do backflips-the expert warned that the latest project in Russia was "absolutely frightening".

Sharky said: "There is something terrible … The Russians have developed this thing called’ super tank’, and it is the most advanced tank in the world, which is much ahead. It is definitely a monster with great destructive power, and they can remotely control it. They are still trying to turn it into a fully automatic robot at the fastest speed. "

Although autonomous armed robots are ahead of humanoid robots for many years, Professor sharky is worried that the possible humanoid robots may bring disaster to the world-leading to the massacre of civilians.

When warning about the terrible consequences of killing robots, Professor sharky said: "This can’t be in line with the laws of war. Can they distinguish whether a target is a military target or a civilian target? This is the key to the law of war. "

He said: "It is also not allowed to kill people who try to surrender. I know that many people think that surrender means raising a white flag, but actually surrender means any gesture that shows that you are no longer fighting, such as lying on the ground unarmed … but robots can’t distinguish this. My biggest personal concern is what kind of damage this will cause to global security-because an arms race for such weapons has already begun. "

Profile picture: American robot that can do backflips. (British "Star Daily" website)

（2017-11-21 10:14:24）

[Further reading] German media said that the United Nations wanted to restrain the development of "killing robots" so far without results.

The reference news network reported on November 16. According to the German Daily Mirror website reported on November 13th, in the near future, completely autonomous killing robots will decide people’s life and death on the battlefield. Discussions on prohibiting or at least restricting the use of such weapon systems have not stopped in recent years, but so far there is no result. The United Nations recently began discussions on this issue in Geneva.

What is a killing robot?

Its official name is "lethal autonomous weapon system". At present, there is no universally valid definition. The United Nations and the International Red Cross explain it this way: it can set targets, launch attacks and clear targets without human help. In other words, once programmed, these weapon systems can independently analyze data, navigate to the combat area and use weapons such as cannons or rockets. In recent years, the great progress in the field of artificial intelligence constitutes the basis for the development of killing robots.

The drone that is already in use is still controlled by soldiers, so it is not a killing robot. Although it doesn’t seem far away from its independent operation.

How far has it developed?

Russian Deputy Prime Minister rogozin, who is in charge of armament, released a video this spring, in which a humanoid killing robot like Terminator can be seen. This is more of a propaganda category. It doesn’t matter whether the appearance is similar to that of human beings. Experts from Human Rights Watch believe that "the autonomy of weapon systems developed by the United States, Britain, China, Israel, Russia and South Korea is increasing". At present, there are already prototypes in use.

Supporters argue that it will minimize the danger of soldiers. But this may lead to the lowering of the threshold and the increase of wars-thus leading to more civilian casualties. People can already see this development in the use of remotely controlled drones.

The picture shows a military drone equipped in the United States.

Who will bear the consequences?

This is a fundamental ethical issue that is inseparable from the killing robot. Ethical and moral actions, the distinction between good and evil, right and wrong, the evaluation of the consequences, and the responsibility for one’s own actions all do not exist in future wars. Although the robot has artificial intelligence, it has no feelings such as pity or regret, and it has no sense of guilt. It has no way to start with concepts such as moderation. But this is written in the so-called law of war: the parties to the conflict must avoid unnecessary damage and unnecessary pain to each other. We must be kind to civilians, injured, incapacitated and captured soldiers. Experts believe that this cannot be programmed. In 2013, policy experts warned in a report to the United Nations Commission on Human Rights that these "tireless war machines" may turn armed conflicts into endless wars-diplomacy will not be able to stop the killing of machines dedicated to fighting even if there is no hope.

How to establish legal norms?

So far, no. This UN conference will not legislate, but will only explore its political, ethical and legal space in a "political statement". A ban is out of the question.

Since these systems do not actually exist at present, Germany and France propose to define autonomous weapon systems first. A group of technical experts, including military representatives, will explain the risks of new weapons. The representative of the "International Campaign to Stop Killing Robots" thinks that this is not enough, and these weapons must be banned in advance.

Only 19 countries have asked for a ban. Behind the scenes, it is precisely the countries that are leading in integrating artificial intelligence with combat equipment. Recently, more than 100 experts wrote in an open letter that killing robots are the third combat revolution after gunpowder and nuclear bombs. If new weapons fall into the hands of tyrants and terrorists, what awaits people will be complete terror.

（2017-11-16 09:31:00）